English Captain: Casibelan Burton

Casibelan Burton served in the Restoration navy. The Duke of York appointed him lieutenant of the Warspite in 1666. In 1668, he was lieutenant of the Reserve. In 1670, he was appointed as lieutenant of the Greenwich. In 1672, he was First Lieutenant of the Warspite. He first command was the 6th Rate Drake, also in 1672. Later in 1672, he commanded the Holmes. On 13 November 1673, he was appointed as captain of the Hampshire. Finally, the King appointed him as captain of the Castle frigate on 15 June 1674. He died before 1689. Sources:

1. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
2. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis Hollardt

Cornelis Hollardt served the Admiralty of Zeeland. In 1671 and into early 1672, he commanded the snauw Tijdverdrijf (6 guns), which served as an adviesjacht. He fought in the Battle of Solebay, where he commanded the adviesjacht Bruijnvisch (6 guns). He was assigned to Lt-Admiral Banckert's squadron. He was still with the fleet on July 31, 1672, with Lt-Admiral Banckert. The only other place that we see him was with Cornelis Tromp's fleet sent to operate on the French coast in from May 1674. He commanded a 32-gun ship attached to Lt-Admiral Banckert's squadron. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.
2. Lambertus van den Bosch, Leven en Bedryf van den Vermaarden Zeeheld, Cornelis Tromp, 1692.
3. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis van den Heuvel.

Cornelis van den Heuvel served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1673, he was second captain of Cornelis Tromp's flagship, the Gouden Leeuw. He rowed with Tromp, first to the Prins te Paard, and then to the Amsterdam. In 1674, he commanded the Steenbergen (68 guns), in Tromp's fleet that operated on the French coast. Andrew says that in "1676 he again served under Tromp and commanded the ship Waesdorp (68 guns, 268 men) in his fleet in the Baltic Sea. He fought at the Battle of Oland (June 1676) and in the operation near Rugen (Aug. 1676). Sources:

1. Lambertus van den Bosch, Leven en Bedryf van den Vermaarden Zeeheld, Cornelis Tromp, 1692.
2. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.
3. Personal communication from Andrew C.

Dutch Captain: Jacob Huyrluyt

On May 22, 1652 (new style), Jacob Huyrluyt was convoy commander, with Joris van der Zaan as his vice-commander. Jacob Huyrluyt commanded the Zeelandia (the Zeelandia of 124ft built in 1643). Joris van der Zaan commanded the new ship Campen. They were escorting 7 straatsvaarders back from the Mediterranean Sea, when they encountered Anthony Young's ships off the Start. Shots were exchanged over the salute to the English colors, but Anthony Young backed off, as he was well aware of the tense situation and didn't want to be responsible for starting a war. In July and August 1652, Jacob Huyrluyt's lieutenant commanded the Zeelandia. According to Hendrik de Raedt's pamphlet, he was not with Tromp on the voyage to the Shetlands in July and August. The Admiralty of Amsterdam list from August 5th showed his ship with the fleet in, although commanded by his lieutenant. The only other note about him was that his ship was lying in the Texel in mid-April 1653. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

English Captain: Benjamin Young

Benjamin Young served in the Restoration navy. The Duke of York appointed him as captain of the Adventure in 1664. In 1666, Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle appointed him as captain of the Yarmouth. This was apparently on July 27, 1666. In 1668, the Duke of York appointed him as captain of the Algerian prize Fountain. In 1669, he became captain of the Advice. He was killed in a battle with Algerian warships in the Mediterranean Sea in July 1670. He was part of a convoying force under the command of Sir Edward Spragge. The Advice and the Guernsey fought 7 Algerian warships and beat them off from the convoy, but both captains were killed. Sources:

1. William Laird Clowes, The Royal Navy: A History from the Earliest Times to the Present, Vol.II, 1898.
2. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
3. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

English Captain: Hugh Seymour

Hugh Seymour served in the Restoration navy. The Duke of York appointed him as lieutenant of the Antelope in 1663. Later in 1663, the Duke of York appointed him as lieutenant of the Bristol. In 1664, he was lieutenant of the Hector. Again, later in 1664 he was lieutenant of the Pearl. He was promoted to captain in 1665. At the time of the Battle of Lowestoft in June 1666, he was operating around Ireland in the Pearl, as her captain. In 1666, he was appointed as captain of the Foresight (46 guns). In early June 1666, he was at Plymouth, commanding the Foresight. He was killed in the St. James's Day Battle on 25 July 1666 (old style). He had been assigned to the Generals' division in the Red Squadron. Sources:

1. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.
2. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
3. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

Trivia time: Teunis Post was Allert Janszoon's skipper in 1652

On 6 August 1652, Antheunis Post (or Teunis Post) attended Tromp's council of war on the Brederode, after the storm hit the fleet off the Shetlands. It turns out that he was Allert Janszoon's skipper (schipper) on the Dubbele Arend, a ship belonging to the Admiralty of Zeeland. We know that, because a message from 28 December 1652 tells us that Teunis Post was temporarily in command and that he was Allert Janszoon's skipper. Presumably, this is the same Teunis Post who commanded the Parel adviesjacht in 1673.

Cornelis Corneliszoon Jol (Houtebeen)

Cornelis Corneliszoon Jol was a famous naval officer in the service of the West Indian Company. His nickname was Houtebeen (wooden leg), probably because he had lost part of one leg. He fought in the Battle of the Downs in 1639, where he had 7 ships in his squadron. His initial orders were to cruise at the north end of the downs to contain the Spanish while the others attacked. His ship was the Jupiter. Perhaps this is the ship depicted in an early drawing by Willem van de Velde, the Elder.

English Captain: William Copow

William Copow served in the Restoration navy. In 1665, he was appointed as lieutenant of the 2nd Rate Rainbow. In 1667, he was appointed as lieutenant of the hired ship Loyal Subject. In 1668, he was lieutenant of the French Ruby. In 1673, Prince Rupert appointed him as lieutenant of the Mary Rose. On 18 June 1675, the King appointed him to command the Mary Rose. On 20 November 1677, the King appointed him as First Lieutenant of the Jersey. He died sometime before 1689. Sources:

1. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
2. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

The Dutch ship Oranjegalei

Carl Stapel has the scoop on the Dutch row-frigate Oranjegalei. I wondered if it might have been inspired by the English vessels of that type. One nice feature of Carl's piece is that he has the armament. This is my translation and formatting of Carl's piece:

Oranjegalei  1697

Admiralty   Name           Length Beam    Hold  Guns   In service
Zeeland     Oranjegalei    130    37-3/4  13.5  44     1697-1739

Built by a Russian in 1697 at Vlissingen from their own resources

A frigate that in a calm could be rowed

Armament:  18-12pdr, 16-6pdr, 4-4pdr, and 2-3pdr

Date        Commander             Guns Crew Notes
 18-08-1704 SBN A. de Boer        44   140  Successful fight against 
                                             4 galleys from Ostende          
 24-04-1709 Captain Richard Wood  44        Fought against 4 privateers.
                                             Englishman Wood killed.
     6/1709 Michiel Gardeyn
       1722 Kornelis Wiltschut    44   250  In the Mediterranean Sea against
                                             Algerian pirates 
       1739      ?                          The ship lay at Veere   

Cornelis Tijbij was Bastiaan Tuyneman's lieutenant at Dover on 29 May 1652

I had not taken in the fact that Cornelis Tijbij was Bastiaan Tuyneman's lieutenant on the Sint Laurens, which was taken by the English off Dover on 29 May 1652. In August, Cornelis Tijbij now commanded the fireship Ostende, a frigate. Later in 1653, he commanded a Directors' ship from Zeeland, the Luipaard.

The Jakob en Anna fireship (1672)

This is my translation of a piece by Mr. Carl Stapel about the Jakob en Anna fireship.

Jakob en Anna fireship 1672

Amsterdam    Jakob en Anna        fireship                                                   In service from  1672*-1677

Date        Captain                 Guns    Notes
    5/1672  cmdr Dirk Klaaszoon     4       In May, with the fleet
 7-6/1673   Captain Jan Boomgaart   4       The First Schooneveld Battle
14-6/1673   Captain Jan Boomgaart   2       The Second Schooneveld Battle
21-8/1673   Captain Jan Boomgaart           The Battle of the Texel (Kijkduin)
   8/1675   cmdr Dirk Klaasz Herney         With De Ruyter in the Mediterranean Sea
 8-1/1676   cmdr Dirk Klaasz Herney         The Battle of Stromboli
22-4/1676   cmdr Dirk Klaasz Herney         The Battle of Etna
 1-6/1676   cmdr Dirk Klaasz Herney         The Battle of Palermo
     1677   cmdr Arent Ruighaver            In the Baltic
21-6/1677   cmdr Arent Ruighaver            Burnt a Swedish ship    

English Captain: Levi Greene

Levi Greene served in the Restoration navy. In 1665, the Duke of York appointed him lieutenant of the Maryland Merchant. Later in 1665, he was lieutenant of the Delft prize. He was promoted to captain on 9 June 1666. In 1666, Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle appointed him as captain of the John and Thomas (48 guns). He fought in the St. James's Day Battle, where he was assigned to Sir Robert Holmes's division in the Red Squadron. Later in 1666, he was appointed to command the 2nd Rate Unicorn. In 1671, he was appointed as captain of the 4th Rate Diamond. In 1672, the Duke of York appointed him as captain of the Greenwich. He fought in the Battle of Solebay, where he was assigned to Sir John Harman's division in the Red Squadron. The Greenwich took the Dutch Stavoren in the battle. He was discharged from the service after a courtmartial in 1672. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.
2. Julian S. Corbett, "A Note on the Drawings in the Possession of The Earl of Dartmouth Illustrating The Battle of Solebay May 28, 1672 and The Battle of the Texel August 11, 1673", 1908.
3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.
4. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
5. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

I have finally acknowledged that it was Jan Duijm who towed De Ruyter through the last two days of the Battle of Portland

I had thought that perhaps the name "Jan Duijm" was a mistake, and that it should have actually have been "Jacob Duijm" (or Duym). The latter's whole name was Jacob Claeszoon Duym. He served the Enkhuizen Directors and commanded the ship Vergulde Zon, which was lost at the Battle of the Gabbard. Jan Duijm seems to have been the same man as who commanded the ship Prins Willem (28 guns) at the Battle of the Sound in 1658. He served the Admiralty of Zeeland. I have seen his last name listed as "Daijm", but I have seen the handwritten Dutch from 1658, and it is clearly written "Duijm". It has been said that Jan Duijm fought in the Battle of Dungeness, but Jan Evertsen does not list him in his list of captains from December 1, 1652. The thought did occur to me that Jan Duijm could have been a lieutenant and been at Dungeness, without being listed by Jan Evertsen. In 1653, a number of lieutenants commanded ships. That was definitely the case at the Gabbard and Scheveningen. Anthonis Fappenlain was lieutenant of Tijs Tijmenszoon Peereboom's ship, the Peereboom. He commanded the ship at the Battle of Scheveningen. Bartholomeus Rietbeeck was another lieutenant who commanded a ship at the Gabbard (the Roseboom). Ulrich de Jaeger commmanded the Amsterdam Directors ship Nieuw Gideon. He had been lieutenant to Hector Bardesius in 1652. His full name was Ulrich Claeszoon de Jager (or Jaeger).

English Captain: Charles Montague (or Mountague)

Charles Montague (or Mountague) served in the Restoration navy. In early 1672, he was appointed by the Duke of York to command the 5th Rate Guernsey. Somewhat later, he commanded the Falcon (40 guns). He fought in the Battle of Solebay, where he was assigned to the Earl of Sandwich's division in the Blue Squadron. In August 1672. he was assigned to Sir Edward Spragge's division in the Blue Squadron. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.
2. Julian S. Corbett, "A Note on the Drawings in the Possession of The Earl of Dartmouth Illustrating The Battle of Solebay May 28, 1672 and The Battle of the Texel August 11, 1673", 1908.
3. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
4. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

English Captain: James Ley, Earl of Marlborough

James Ley, the first Earl of Marlborough served the Royalist cause and in the Restoration navy. During 1643 to 1644, he commanded four ships for the Royalists. We know that he was appointed to command the Dunkirk in 1661. In 1665, he was appointed to command the Old James (68 guns). He was killed in action at the Battle of Lowestoft, on 3 June 1665 (old style). He had been assigned to the Duke of York's division in the Red Squadron. Frank Fox says that the Earl of Marlborough "had spent most of his life at sea, as after his family had lost their estates, he had served as a flag officer under both Charles I and Charles II". In the Battle of Lowestoft, the Earl had attacked Bastiaan Centen in the 76-gun Oranje to force him back from Henry Fenn, in the Montagu. The Earl of Sandwich was being hard-pressed, and both the Duke of York and William Penn were determined to relieve the pressure on him. The Earl of Marlborough was killed shortly after the Dutch flagship Eendracht exploded. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, List of English Naval Captains 1642-1660, 1964.
2. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.
3. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

English Captain: Henry Williams

Henry Williams served in the Restoration navy. In 1667, he commanded the John, a fire hoy (or galliot). The John was sold in 1667. In 1672, the Duke of York appointed him to command the Supply fireship. In 1673, Prince Rupert appointed him to command the Assurance (42 guns). He likely fought in the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel. The King appointed him to command the fireship Wivenhoe on 25 May 1675 and then switched the appointment to the Holmes. The King appointed him to command the Dutch prize Stavoren (48 guns) on 7 January 1678 (they called it 1677 in the old style calendar). On 12 April 1678, he was appointed to command the Lion (60 guns). The commissioners appointed him to command the Pearl (28 guns) on 3 April 1680. In 1681, in the Pearl, he took a French armed ship that did not pay proper respects to the English flag. On 8 May 1682, the commissioners appointed him to command the Constant Warwick (42 guns). The King appointed him to command the Cleveland yacht (8 guns) on 22 January 1685 (they called the year 1684). He was reappointed on 2 April 1685. The King (now James II) appointed him to command the Advice on 5 September 1688. By the way, Syrett and DiNardo suggest that there were two Henry Williams, and that the first died in 1667. The trouble with that is that a Henry Williams commanded ships from 1672, not from 1677. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Lists of Men-of-War 1650-1700: Part I English Ships 1649-1702, 1966.
2. William Laird Clowes, The Royal Navy: A History from the Earliest Times to the Present, Vol.II, 1898.
3. Frank Fox, Great Ships: The Battlefleet of King Charles II, 1980.
4. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
5. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

English Captain: David Trotter

David Trotter served in the Restoration navy. In 1665, he was lieutenant of the Jersey. In 1670, he was lieutenant of the Foresight. In 1672, the Duke of York appointed him as captain of the Emsworth sloop. Apparently by August 1672, he was appointed as captain of the Richmond. On 9 March 1673, the King appointed him captain of the Speedwell. Later in 1673, he was captain of the Dragon. On 5 April 1677, the King appointed him captain of the Kingfisher. On 11 March 1680 (they called it 1679 in the old style system), he was appointed by the commissioners as captain of the Mermaid. Finally, on 4 November 1682, the commissioners appointed him as captain of the Foresight. He died in late 1682. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.
2. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.
3. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.

Marinus de Clerq in 1652

Marinus de Clerq was with the Dutch fleet in early December 1652, so he probably fought in the Battle of Dungeness. There is a note in Dr. Elias's book (Vol.II, p.84) that in June 1652, Marinus de Clerq commanded the ship previously commanded by Captain Schooneman. In the 26 February 1652 list, Captain Schooneman commanded the Dolphijn (28 guns), a ship belonging to the Admiralty of Rotterdam (the Maze).

English Captain: Thomas Rand

Thomas Rand served in the Restoration navy. He was promoted to captain in 1666. He commanded the Dutch prize Slothany (ex-Slot Hooningen). In June, at the time of the Four Days' Battle, the Slothany was lying in the Thames-Medway area short of men. He fought in the St. James's Day Battle, where the Slothany (60 guns) was assigned to Sir Joseph Jordan's division in the Red Squadron. Sources:

1. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.
2. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.