English Captain: Valentine Pine (or Pyend)

Samuel Pepys has a unique spelling of Valentine Pine's last name: Pyend. Frank Fox uses the more conventional spelling. Valentine Pine was promoted to Captain in 1662 (Syrett and DiNardo use the "Pyend" spelling). In 1662, Valentine Pine commanded the Garland. In 1663, he was appointed to command the old 4th Rate Expedition. In 1664, he commanded the 4th Rate Dragon. In 1665, he was appointed to command the 2nd Rate St. Andrew (66 guns). He fought in the Battle of Lowestoft, and was assigned to Robert Sansum's division. In 1666, he fought in the Four Days Battle, where he was assigned to Sir Robert Holmes's division. On 25 July 1666, he fought at the St. James's Day Battle, where he was assigned to the General's divison. Sources:

1. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

2. David Syrett, R. L. DiNardo, The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815, 1994.

3. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903.