Dutch Captain: Jan Jacobszoon Vlieger

This is from my translation of the entry in Dr. De Boer's book Tromp en de Armada van 1639 (1941):

Jan Jacobszoon Vlieger commanded a ship of the Zeeland admiralty, probably the Meerminne of 200 lasts and 24 guns. According to a note in Tromp's journal, Vlieger, along with Evertsen's squadron, joined the fleet on 2 May. On 16 May, he disappears, and Commandeur Pauwelszoon is listed instead, and is called to fight many times. Vlieger's ship shows on the booty list, although the name is omitted. Pauwelszoon now seems to have disappeared from the fleet. We are left puzzled by all this. On 16 September, in the margin of Tromp's journal, both Vlieger and Pauwelszoon are named, and there is one too many ships. In the ship list, the name of both has been added to the writing of Waterdrincker, but in the place of Vlieger is the name Pottebreecker, a known sailor who had distinguished himself several times before Dunkirk. Dr. De Boer suspected that Pottebreecker was a nickname for Vlieger, although he could find no proof that it was true. His assumption seems to be correct, nevertheless. See p.128 of Warnsinck's book Drie Admirals, and what it says about Vlieger and Pottebreecker.

Dutch Captain: Ewout Jeroenszoon de Moy

Ewout Jeroenszoon de Moy was often referred to as just Ewout Jeroenszoon. His brother was Hillebrandt Jeroenszoon. Ewout Jeroenszoon served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1628, he commanded what was probably a small vessel, the Haringen. In 1652, he commanded the 28-gun vessel Zutphen. In July 1652, his ship was listed as one of two Amsterdam ships to be convoyers for a fleet of merchant ships carrying corn headed for Muscovy. He may also have fought at the Battle of the Kentish Knock. At least, Dr. Ballhausen seems to have included him for that battle. If he was one of the convoyers in September and October, he would not have been there for the battle. I may have listed Ewout Jeroenszoon for the Battle of Dungeness, but I am less sure at this point. In my working list for the battle, I omitted him, although his brother was with the fleet prior to the battle, although he was among those who were planned to be sent on convoying assignments. Dr. Ballhausen lists him as being in De Ruyter's squadron in the Battle of Portland. I will need to check his further participation in the First Anglo-Dutch War later, but he was operating with the fleet in April 1653, so he very likely was present for the Battles of the Gabbard and Scheveningen. He was present in the fleet sent to Danzig in 1656, where he commanded the Maan (armed with 38 guns for this operation). In 1658, he commanded the Vereenigde Provinciën (42 guns), but seems not to have been at the Battle of the Sound. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.
3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
4. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
5. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis van Velsen

Cornelis van Velsen served the Admiralty of Amsterdam during the First Anglo-Dutch War. He commanded the ship Gelderland (28 guns and a crew of 100 men) which was one of the 116 ft vessels built in 1639. The dimensions were probably 116ft x 27ft x 11ft. During the summer of 1652, he served under Michiel de Ruyter in the fleet employed as convoyers of merchant ships in the Channel. He fought in the Battle of Plymouth, against Sir George Ayscue's fleet. He was very likely at the Battle of the Kentish Knock, as part of De Ruyter's squadron in that battle. He also fought in the Battle of Portland and then at the Battle of the Gabbard. At the Gabbard, his ship blew up, due to excessive gun powder in the air and around the ship. He was killed in the explosion. Only five men were saved, although not Cornelis van Velsen. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.
3. Dr. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van Ons Zeewezen, Vol.V, 1928.
4. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.
5. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.II, 1900.

More about Lambert Pieterszoon

I had written about the Dutch captain Lambert Pieterszoon on May 15, 2004. Mr. Carl Stapel pointed out to me that in Brandt's biography of De Ruyter, on page 70, that Lambert Pieterszoon was one of five captains sent to the Mediterranean "to set order in the Mediteranaen after C Tromp and captain Rodehaes made a mess out of it". He apparently spent the rest of his life in the Mediterranean. He died on September 3rd, 1654 and was buried on Minorca on September 9th. Thank you again to Mr. Stapel for the information.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis Naeough

Cornelis Naeough commanded a ship hired by the Amsterdam Directors during the First Anglo-Dutch War. He apparently was present at the beginning of the war, as he was with Tromp's fleet of 42 ships immediately preceding the opening of hostilities off of Dover on May 29, 1652 (new style). He commanded the smaller of two ships named Sint Matheeus. His ship carried 34 guns (or so) and was 140ft x 34ft x 15ft. We actually know the guns that were included in the 34: 4-24pdr, 14-12pdr, 10-8pdr, 4-6pdr, and 2-3pdr. At the beginning of the war, his crew was 114 men, but by early 1653, it had risen to 125 men. One list from mid-1652, from the Hollandsche Mercurius gives the armament as 36 guns and the crew as 135 men. He was on Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands and he and his ship survived. His was one of the ships in Scalloway harbor following the storm. His ship was damaged by a storm after the Battle of Dungeness, and had run up the Channel with Isaak Sweers, who lost touch with Cornelis Naeough. Tromp feared that the English would capture his ship, which Tromp thought might be able to carry as many as 60 guns. He fought at the Battle of the Gabbard, after which he was courtmartiales for his bad conduct. Sources:

1. Pieter Casteleyn, Hollandsche Mercurius, 1652.
2. National Archives 1.03.02 Inv. No. 8 Amsterdam Directors' ships from 8 November 1652.
3. National Archives 1.03.02 Inv. No. 8 Directors' ships from January 1653.
4. National Archives "Directies ter Equipeering van Oorlogschepen, 1631-1657" Inv. No. 3 24 Amsterdam Directors' ships
5. Hendrick de Raedt, pamphlet listing captains and ships on Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in 1652, 1652

Dutch Captain: Jan Gerbrandszoon

Jan Gerbrandszoon was apparently a Groninger sailor, having served in the fleet since 1606. Since 1628, he had commanded a frigate for the Amsteredam admiralty. He became an Ordinary Captain in 1636. On April 22, 1639, he joined Tromp's fleet with the ship Omlandia. He served through the entire campaign without being mentioned for doing anything remarkable. After a 40-year served, he arranged on January 25, 1646 with his lieutenant, if he could continue to draw a salary for the rest of his life, if his wife, up until August 1, 1647, could supply victuals to the ship. This was permitted, but he died on October 12, 1646. This is from my translation of the passage in Dr. De Boer's book Tromp en de Armada van 1639 (1941).

Dutch Captain: Gerrit Veen

We know that in 1636, Gerrit Veen commanded the Amsterdam jacht Engel Gabriël (16 guns). We know some about the operations that were happening at this time. On September 5th, 1636, Captain Vijgh was given command of the last Rotterdam ship and sent to find the fleet, and report to the flag. Wemmer van Berchem had left the Texel on the 5th and joined with Van Dorp, while Captain Veen joined on the 7th. The Amsterdam jacht under the command of Barent Pieterszoon Dorrevelt joined the flag on October 5th, 1636. The jacht Engel Gabriël was replaced by the Drente, and Gerrit Veen was given the command. On July 12th, Captains Forant and Veen, in the jacht Drente, were sent to the Meuse to watch for provision ships. Gerrit Veen took part in the campaign leading up to the Battle of the Downs in 1639. At that time, he was suspected of forging his logbook and misreporting. He seems to have fought in the Battle of the Downs. In 1642, Gerrit Veen was courtmartialed and cashiered. He was found to have exhibited cowardice and was unable to keep discipline on his ship. Sources:

1. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Dunkerkers, 1949.

2. Charles R. Boxer, The Journal of Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp Anno 1639, 1930.

3. Dr. F. Graefe, De Kapiteinsjaren van Maerten Harpertszoon Tromp, 1938.

Dutch Captain: Hendrick Janszoon Camp

Hendrick Janszoon Camp commanded the jacht Breda in 1636 and 1637. At this time, the district of Friesland was serving under the command of the Admiralty of Rotterdam. The Breda carried 22 guns and had a crew of 80 sailors and 20 soldiers. Tromp sent him on an independent mission to Cape LaFieve and Dieppe to see if there were merchant ships there, waiting to be convoyed, as his ship was in need of repairs and had problem with sails and was not fit to be with the fleet. In 1639, he commanded the Gideon, which carried 24 guns and had a crew of 100 men. De Sneuper says that this was a Directors jacht. He fought in the Battle of the Downs in 1639, under the command of Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp. In 1640 and 1641, he was asked to serve under the command of the Admiralty of Friesland. In 1650 to 1652, he was on the last relief squadron sent to Brazil. Late in 1652, he fought in the Battle of Dungeness, where he commanded the Groningen, which had been purchased earlier in 1652. On 19 December, he had fought in a sharp engagement against two English frigates. He fought in the Battle of Portland, where he commanded the Groningen, again. He had recommended Lieutenant Frederick Stellignwerf to succeed him, but he was probably not appointed. Hendrick Janszoon Camp was supposedly a blood relative of Joris Gerritszoon Camp, who in 1614-1644 was a master constructor, burgomaster, Council member and tutor at the St.Ant.Gasthuis at Leeuwarden. A another member of that family, Lambert Camp, married Mayke Siccama, and served as a convoy master in 1664. Much of this is my translation of the information at De Sneuper website. I have addressed much of this previously, but I wanted to see if I could give a better translation.

An engraving from 1612 showing the Dutch blockading Dunkirk

Dr. M.G. De Boer's book Het Proefjaar van Maarten Harpertsz. Tromp 1637-1639 has an engraving said to have been made at Amsterdam in 1612. The narrow entrance to Dunkirk is visible, with a breakwater on either side that extends the channel. There is one tall tower visible to the right of the harbour entrance. To the immediate left seems to be a church. There is a castle visible immediately behind the entrance. There are nine Dutch ships shown blockading, along with boats being towed and rowed. The ships look very appropriate for 1612, being very high at the stern and low at the bow, with a beakhead. None of the ships is shown with spritsail topmast. They only have a jack at the end of the bowsprit. The blockading ships are mostly shown anchored, althogh two seem to be underway. One with full sails set, sailing to the left, from the far right, and another, facing to the right, towards the left, has yards lowered, with the maintopsail, foresail, and foretopsail set, but billowing. That ship, in particular, has an extended beakhead of the sort that was coming into vogue. The rest are shorter, in the earlier style.

The battle near Gibraltar on 16 October 1622

We would like to know more about the battle fought near Gibraltar on 16 October 1622. The battle was fought between a Dutch convoy escort and a Spanish squadron. In the battle, Laurens Jacobszoon Alteras was killed. We also know that Jasper Liefhebber fought in the battle, and that Joachem Hendrickszoon Swartenhondt was in command. On the KentishKnock.com site, the entry for Jasper Liefhebber mentions this episode. You must go to the page and then search for Liefhebber. Andrew found a piece that tells that in this battle, Joachem Hendrickszoon Swartenhondt commanded the ship Hollandsche Tuin, a ship of the Admiralty of Amsterdam. Admiral Swartenhondt was decorated for his service in this battle.

Five Dutch ships were detained by the English in July 1639

Sir John Pennington, the English admiral, was very understanding of the Dutch position versus the Spanish armada. The King and Lord High Admiral, however, were very pro-Spain, and anti-Dutch. After Dutch privateers had been raiding in English waters, Pennington detained five Dutch warships to force a formal apology. The ships and captains detained were:

• Utrecht, 28 guns Willem van Brederode
• Prins Willem, 32 guns Captain Pieterszoon
• Deventer, 28 guns Captain Post
• Overijssel, 26 guns Jacques Forant
• Tholen, 18 guns Captain Hollaer

Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Charles R. Boxer, The Journal of Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp Anno 1639, 1930.
3. Dr. F. Graefe, De Kapiteinsjaren van Maerten Harpertszoon Tromp, 1938.

Dutch Captain: Matheeus Megank

Matheeus Megank served the Admiralty of Amsterdam.

Ship name      Date      Guns Sailors Soldiers  Date built   Length Beam  Hold
Popkensburg    5/1672    24*                    1661*                    
Popkensburg    8/1672    24   77      20        1661*                    
Popkensburg    9/1672    24                     1661*                    
Damiaten       5/1673    32                     1663         120    29.5  12.5   
Damiaten       23/5/1673 32   84      26        1663         120    29.5  12.5   
Damiaten       8/1673    32   79       8        1663         120    29.5  12.5         
Harderwijk     7/1675    46   200               1662         133    34.5  14     

Matheeus Megank fought at the Battle of Solebay in May 1672. He also fought in the Schoonveld battles (at least at the first of the two). In August 1673, he fought in the Battle of the Texel. He was with De Ruyter's expedition sent to the Mediterranean Sea in 1675-1676. Andrew says that he fought in the battles of Stromboli and Agosta in 1676.

The second expedition to Spain 1626 to 1627

This is my attempt at translating the document "The second expedition to Spain was from 12 November 1626 to 10 July 1627" that wsa provided by Mr. Carl Stapel. "This concerns the outfitting of the second fleet of warships in the service of the admiralties. The hiring of the men was not paid, but the admiralties were assisted with the victualling and arming of the ships. The admiralties would propose captains to Prince Hendrick and he would appoint them.

Commander-in-chief:  Laurens Reael on board the Wapen van Amsterdam
Vice-Admiral:  Johan Evertsen
Schout-bij-Nacht: (not listed)

Admiralty of Amsterdam
Ship name            Lasts Crew  Guns  Captain                      Lieutenant

Wapen van Amsterdam  180   100   -     Ellert Thomaszoon            Arent Jansz. van Delften
Wapen van Edam       150   100   -     Hendrick Hendricksz. Cop     Hidde Hiessen
Roode Leeuw          150   100   -     Hans Bournon
Tonijn               140   100   -     Carsten Pieterssen Rosegerd  Willem van Dalen

The ship the Thetis with Captain Van der Haept remained off the Flemish coast

Admiralty of the Maze
Ship name            Lasts Crew  Guns  Captain                       Lieutenant

Halve Maen           180    90   -     Jan Janssen van den Kerckhoff Dirck Pieterssen
Abrahams Offerande   180    85   -     Claes Bontenburch             Willem Stoffelssen

Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier
Ship name            Lasts Crew  Guns  Captain                       Lieutenant

Mars (?)             160   100   -     Willem Codde van der Burch    -
-                    -     100   24    Jan Melcknap

Admiralty of Zeeland
Ship name            Lasts Crew  Guns  Captain                       Lieutenant
Zeeridder            180   -     -     Johan Evertsen                -
Postpaert(?)         140   -     -     Jan Hollaer                   -

Dutch Naval Officer: Cornelis Janszoon Gorcum

Luc Eekhout has a very short piece about Cornelis Janszoon Gorcum in Het Admiralenboek. He commanded in the fleet sent against Algerian privateers from 1618 to 1619. He served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He served as a temporary Vice-Admiral from 1 April 1618 until 3 March 1619. We know that on the expedition in 1618 to 1619, he served under Moy Lambert, who was the fleet commander. The documents that Mr. Carl Stapel found seem to indicate that in the first expedition, Cornelis Janszoon Gorcum was just a captain, while on the second expedition from May 1619 to October 1620, Cornelis Janszoon Gorcum was appointed as a temporary Vice-Admiral after Hillebrant Quast left the fleet on 29 May 1620.

Dutch Naval Officer: Laurens Jacobszoon Alteras

Laurens Jacobszoon Alteras was killed near Gibraltar on 16 October 1622. He was a skipper in the merchant marine, prior to being in the army from 1597 to 1599. He commanded in the Battle of Gibraltar and replaced Vice-Admiral van Heemskerck in 1607. He was killed with convoying merchant ships when attacked by a Spanish squadron. He served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He was appointed as a captain at sea in 1605. He served as a temporary Vice-Admiral from 27 January 1607 to 20 August 1607. On 18 February 1618, he was appointed as a Vice-Admiral. This is based on my translation of the entry in Luc Eekhout's Het Admiralenboek. We also know that Laurens Jacobszoon Alteras commanded the Zeeland ship Aeolus in 1620.

Dutch Captain: Jan Janszoon van den Kerckhoff

In 1626, Jan Janszoon van den Kerckhoff commanded the ship Halve Maen on the second expedition to Spain. His lieutenant was Dirck Pieterszoon. The Halve Maen was a ship of 180 lasts and had a crew of 90 men. He served the Admiralty of the Maze. Jan Janszoon van den Kerckhoff had a great argument with the Admiralty of the Maze over the cost of outfitting ships. He left the service in 1642 because of his age and was succeeded by Paulus van den Kerckhoff. This is based on what Mr. Carl Stapel passed on to me and my translation of the short biography of Jan Janszoon ven den Kerckhoff that is included. The document is titled "Tweede Nederlandse Engelse vloot in 12 november 1626 tot 10 juli 1627 naar Spanje". I estimate that the dimensions of an 180 last ship were about 122ft x 29ft x 11ft.

The Dutch captains Block

I am sure it is confusing. For a long time, I was confused about the two Dutch captains named Block who served during the First Anglo-Dutch War. Another, Willem Joosten Block, commanded a ship that seems to have been named the Zeeuwschen Leeuw (at least that is what the handwriting in the Staet van Oorlog te Water for 1628 seemed to indicate). In more modern Dutch, it might be named the Zeeuwse Leeuw. Willem Joosten Block served the Admiralty of Zeeland. Two others, Joris Janszoon Block served the Amsterdam Directors and Joost Willemszoon Block served the Admiralty of Zeeland. Presumably, by his name, the latter is the son of the captain from 1628

Joris Janszoon Block commanded the Hollandsche Tuin in 1653. The Hollandsche Tuin was hired by the Amsterdam directors and had the following characteristics:

Hollandsche Tuin
 Length: 130ft
 Beam:    29ft
 Hold:    13.5ft
 Guns:   32
  consisting of: 4-18pdr, 10-12pdr, 8-8pdr, 8-6pdr, and 2-3pdr

The listing doesn't give us the crew size.

Joost Willemszoon Block commanded the Wapen van Zeeland in 1652. This was a ship that carried 32 guns and was 118ft long. He commanded the same ship, apparently, at least until July 1654. The latter listing is somewhat problematic, as there are ships and captains either listed twice or listed in the Staet van Oorlog te Water for 1654 where the ship had been sunk earlier. In 1656, Willem Joosten Block commanded the Ter Veere (or Kampveere) in the expedition to Danzig.

There was another captain named Blok (which is another spelling for the same name as Block). This was Simon Blok, who served in the Second Anglo-Dutch War, and who served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He will be covered separately, if he has not already been covered.

Dutch Captain: Barent Maartenszoon Boom

Barent Maartenszoon Boom served the Admiralty of Zeeland. In 1672, he fought in the Battle of Solebay. Through 1672, he commanded the frigate Visschers Harder (26 guns). He fought in the First Schooneveld Battle, where he commanded the frigate Goes (34 guns). He was born in Zierikzee on 30 September 1639. In 1672, he was appointed as a Schout-bij-Nacht. He died on 29 January 1687 when his ship exploded. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

2. Luc Eekhout, Het Admiralenboek: De Vlagofficieren van de Nederlandse marine 1382-1991, 1992.

A note from late June or early July 1652

In Vol.II of Dr. Elias's book, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezn, there is a note on page 84. This is my translation of the note:

Of of the ships sent in 1649 to Brazil, the following returned in the course of June 1652: in Amsterdam on the 12th, the Aemelia, Captain Floris van Oy, and on the 20th, the Graeff Willem, Captain Tas, and the Westfriesland, Captain Boonacker; in the Wielingen, on the 20th, the ship of Captain Loncq; in Rotterdam on the 25th, the Dolphijn, Captain Paulus van den Kerckhoff, and the ship of captain Marinus de Clerq (previously captain Schooneman).

From the Admiralty of Rotterdam manuscript of 26 February 1652, we believe that Captain Schooneman commanded the Rotterdam ship Dolphijn (28 guns). The reality was the Captain Paulus van den Kerckhoff commanded the Rotterdam ship Nijmegen, which was sunk on the way home.

The first Dutch expedition against Spain from September 1625 to January 1626

Thanks, again to Mr. Carl Stapel, we have more information from the period prior to 1630. This time, he has the list of the ships and officers involved in the first Dutch expedition against Spain from September 1625 until January 1626 that operated in combination with an English squadron. This list only addresses the Dutch ships involved in the operation.

The States General prepared 20 ships to send on the expedition. The Admiralty colleges would equip the ships. The Admiralties hired the ships, and it was left to Prince Frederik Hendrik, as Admiral General, to choose the captains. The Dutch ships formed a separate squadron from the English.

Admiral: Lieutenant-Admiral jonker Willem van Nassau, heer van der Leck

Vice-admiral: Laurens Reael, on board the Gouden Leeuw

Schout-bij-Nacht: Hendrick Cleuter of Amsterdam

 

The ships and captains of Amsterdam

Adm Ship             lasts sailors Captain                     Lieutenant        

A   Geluckige Leeuw  300   150     Arent Corssen              Jan de Lapper              
A   --               280   140     Michiel van Edam           Jan Rosengijn     
A   Witte Eenhoorn   260   130     Hendrick Denijs            Jan van Edam
A   Gouden Leeuw     200   140     Pieter Barentsz. Dorrevelt Bouwen van der Gouw  
A   --               200   110     Anthoni van der Haept      Sweer Hermanssen
A   --               170    90     Pieter Janssen van Haerlem Gerrit Rijcken
A   a fluit          150     -     Jan Faessen                Rijckaert Dircksen
A   --               110    80     Jeroen Ewoutssen           Abel Tammega

 
The ships and captains of the Noorderkwartier

Adm Ship             lasts sailors Captain                     Lieutenant        

N   --               --    --      Cornelis Knijten Alkmaar    Symon Reynderssen
N   --               --    --      Govert Albertsz ’t Hoen     Jan Aertssen Mol
N   --               --    --      Cornelis Dirkssen Luijten   --
N   --               --    --      Pieter Hendriksz de Vries   --

The ships and captains of the Maze (Rotterdam)

Adm Ship             lasts sailors Captain                      Lieutenant        

M   Neptunus         --    80      Adriaen Engelen Silvergieter --
M   --               --    80      Isaac Janssen van Nyvelt     --
M   --               --    80      Hendrick Peckius             --
M   --               --    80      Jan Brustenssen de Jonge     --


The ships and captains of Zeeland

Adm Ship             lasts sailors Captain                      Lieutenant        

Z   --               --    --      Balthasar Diericxsen         --
Z   --               --    --      Cornelis de Visscher         --
Z   --               --    --      Jacob Adriaensz Swart        --
Z   --               --    --      Simon Cornelisz de Moor      --

Dutch Captain: Adriaan van den Bosch

In 1653, Adriaan van den Bosch commanded an Admiralty of Amsterdam ship Engel Gabriel. This ship name is confusing, as Isaak Sweer's hired ship Engel Gabriel (36 guns) was sunk at the Battle of Portland. There was another 's-Lands' ship named Engel Gabriel, as well. At least, Vreugdenhil listed such a ship as being in service in 1648. In addition, Bastiaan Bardoel commanded an Amsterdam Directors' ship named Engel Gabriel (28 guns) during 1652 and possibly beyond. We believe that Adriaan van den Bosch fought in the Battle of Scheveningen, and possibly in the Battle of the Gabbard. There are no lists for those battles, so it is a matter of looking through the literature for references. There is also one archival document that is similar to that published in "Thurloe" that mentions "Captain van den Bos" that almost certainly refers to Adriaan van den Bosch. In 1656, Adriaan van den Bosch commanded the Duivenvoorde (42 guns) in the expedition to Danzig. In 1658, he commanded the Edam (28 guns), although he was absent from the Battle of the Sound. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.
2. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.
3. Vreugdenhil, A., Ships of the United Netherlands, 1648-1702, London, 1938.

The Salamander

I would almost certainly think, now, that the ship commanded by De Ruyter from 1644 to 1652, the Salamander owned by the Heeren Lampsins, was the ship hired by one of the Zeeland Directors (perhaps the Middelburg Directors) in 1653. Mr. Stapel suggested that might be the case, but at that time, I had not read the entry from The First Dutch War that seems to confirm it. The De Ruyter site has a page and a picture of the ship.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis Kuyper

Cornelis Kuyper (Cuijper or Kuijper) served the Admiralty of Zeeland. During the First Anglo-Dutch War, he commanded the ship Ter Goes (or Goes) (26 guns). During the summer of 1652, he was part of De Ruyter's convoying fleet in the Channel and he fought in the Battle of Plymouth. After De Ruyter joined the main fleet, under command of Witte de With. Cornelis Kuyper fought in the Battle of the Kentish Knock. Later, he fought in the Battle of Dungeness, where he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. On March 7, 1653 (new style), there is a notation that the Gloeyenden Oven, under the command of Cornelis Kuyper, met Jan Evertsen and the returning Zeeland ships, as they returned to Vlissingen after the Battle of Portland. Due to the fact that Cornelis Cuyper that we are discussing commanded the Goes before and after this date, I suspect it is a different man with the same name. In 1656, Cornelis Cuyper commanded the Utrecht on the expedition to Danzig. He also fought in the Battle of Lowestoft, where he commanded the Zwanenburg. He was killed in the battle, when his ship collided with the Marseveen and the Ter Goes. They surrendered, by a rogue English fireship captain burnt them, anyway. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

3. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.

4. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.VI, 1930.

5. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

6. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.II, 1900.

7. Dr. S. R. Gardiner, and C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.III, 1906.

Dutch Captain: Willem van Kuilenburg

Willem van Kuilenburg served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He commanded the Deventer (66 guns) in the Schooneveld battles. In the first battle, the Deventer was boarded by the French Foudroyant, but the attack was thwarted and the French driven off. The French captain actually dropped his anchor to separate the ships. He drowned after the first battle when the Deventer sank. I had thought that the date was during the second battle, but Anderson says that the Deventer sank while on the way back for repairs after the first battle. The first battle was fought on May 28th (Old Style) and the second battle was fought on June 4th. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

3. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Moy Lambert's fleet sent to the Mediterranean Sea from 1618 to 1619

Thanks again to Carl Stapel for providing us with Moy Lambert's fleet sent to fight privateers in the Mediterranean from 1618-1619:

Adm Captain                      Ship             Lasts Sailors Soldiers
M   Moy Lambert                  Leeu(w)inne      200   120     34
M   Dirck Adriaansz. van der Cop Gelderlant       180     -      -
M   Schrevel Ruymvelt            Hollant            -     -      -
M   jhr Pompeus de Coninck       Leeuw            200     -      -
A   Ellert Thomasz               -                  -     -      -
A   Arent Jansz Bremer           -                  -     -      -
A   Hendrik Dircksz Cleuter      -                  -     -      -
A   Adriaen van Crimpen          Oranjeboom         -     -      -
A   Anthony Claesz Heerman       -                  -     -      -
A   Barent Schaeff               Vergulden Raven  150     -      -
Z   Cornelis Jansz Gorcum        -                  -     -      -    
Z   Cornelis Danielsz            -                  -     -      -
N   Adriaen Gerritsz Bras         -                  -     -      -

Since we are intelligence analysts employing "multi-source fusion" on 17th Century Dutch naval history, we don't mind, too much, that there is often missing pieces for this sort of information. Often, we can fill in the gaps from other sources. I will be updating what is now "Dutch Captains 1600-1700" with this new list.

Mooy Lambert's squadron from 1616

Again, thanks to Mr. Carl Stapel, we have a listing of Mooy Lambert's squadron to Mediterrenaen from june 1616 till april 1617, which also took the Dutch consul De Keyser to Algeria.

Mooy Lambert's squadron:
adm. captain            ship           lasts  sailors soldiers
M    Moy Lambert        Leeuinne       200    100      34
A    Ellert Thomasz.    Valck          200     90      30
Z    Cornelis Danielsz. Neptunus         -      -       -

The key for the admiralties is: M=Admiralty of the Maze (Rotterdam),
A=Admiralty of Amsterdam, Z=Admiralty of Zeeland.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis Mangelaer

Cornelis Mangelaer was apparently brother of Frans Crijnssen Mangelaer. He was commander of a 26-gun bus convoyer from Zierikzee. He served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He distinguished himself especially in Brazil, where he defeated an 18-gun English ship in 1652. He only joined Tromp's fleet in the Downs on September 27, 1639. Sources:

1. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Armada van 1639, 1941.

2. Charles R. Boxer, The Journal of Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp Anno 1639, 1930.

I've had to extend the start date for my Dutch Ships paper back to 1600

Thanks to Carl Stapel's research efforts, I've extended the start date for my Dutch Ships paper back to 1600. I already have completion dates for ships prior to 1620 and now have data points prior to 1620, as well. With what is already known from the Staets and what has been published, we will be able to fill in much more about the Dutch navy prior to 1639. Taking the time to enter more of what is known from the Staets and from published sources now seems like a more worthwhile occupation.

Dutch Captain: Arend Sijmonszoon Vader

Arend Sijmonszoon Vader served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In August 1665, in De Ruyter's fleet, he commanded the Wakende Boei (52 guns). He was assigned to Tjerk Hiddes de Vries's squadron. In the Four Days' Battle and the St. James's Day Battle, he commanded the small frigate Overijssel. The Overijssel was a veteran of the First Anglo-Dutch War. In both battles om 1666, he was assigned to Cornelis Tromp's squadron. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.

2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Summary of the Dutch fleet in the Battle of the Downs

The Dutch fleet that fought in the Battle of the Downs in 1639 is not well documented. The necessary information may no longer exist. We can do a short summary, and can add captain's names, but that is about all we can do. This is the short summary:

• 41-state's ships
• 36 ships from the East and West Indian companies and the Directors
• 18 hired ships
• 11 fireships

The Spanish fleet can be found at Sailing Warships. I supplied the information to Teemu from C. R. Boxer's book.

Dutch Captain: Simon Block (Blok)

Simon Block served the Admiralty of Zeeland. In June 1665, he commanded the Zeelandia (34 guns). He fought in the Battle of Lowestoft, where he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. In August 1665, he commanded the Vlissingen (50 guns) and was assigned to Michiel De Ruyter's squadron. He fought in the Four Days' Battle in June 1666 where he commanded the Hof van Zeeland (58 guns). His ship was burnt and he and most of his crew drowned. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.

2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

I have several generations of sailing ship wargame pieces that may yet appear

I have a collection of my 17th Century warship game pieces that I hope to make available for download. At the present time, the main impediment has been lack of time. I need to start putting a small increment of time into the project, over a long stretch, to get it done. The alternative is to not have a job and income, which is not desirable, as we need the income. Some of the drawings are quite good, I think, and would be useful additions to 17th Century fleets (at least for Anglo-Dutch Wars).

I am working on writing the list of De Ruyter's ships in 1674

I have started the list of De Ruyter's ships in 1674 for the expedition to Martinique, but it will take as while, as it is rather long. I have limited time until the weekend. The list is from Brandt's biography of De Ruyter.

Data for ships in Mooy Lambert's fleet in 1619-1620

Ships in Moy Lambert's fleet from May 1619 to October 1620. Mooy Lambert was the nickname of Lambert Hendrickszoon, who served the Admirality of the Maze (Rotterdam). He was born at Tiel in 1550 and died at Rotterdam on 17 March 1625. He was appointed as Captain-at-Sea in 1592, temporary Schout-bij-Nacht in 1607, and served as Vice-Admiral until May 1624. The biographical information is from Luc Eekhout's book Het Admiralenboek. Sadly, the lists from 1628 on seem to be unhelpful, at least the parts that I have read.

Admiralty key: M=Maze or Rotterdam, A=Amsterdam, Z=Zeeland,
N=Noorderkwartier, F=Friesland

Adm ship                   lasts  sailors soldiers
M   Utrecht                300    -       -
M   Leeuw                  200    -       -
M   Holland                180    -       -
A   Zeelandia              280    -       -        Joris Cats' flagship was the Zeeland
                                                    in 1627-1629, but it was only 200 lasts
A   ship of Jan Ysbrantsz  -      -       -       In 1628, his ship was the Vriesland,
                                                    a ship of 150 lasts
A   ship of Cornelis Moens -      -       -
A   Leiden                 150    -       -       The Leiden in service in 1628 was only 110 lasts
A   Zutphen                200    -       -
Z   ship of Cornelis Gorcum-      -       -
Z   ship of Jan de Cock    -      -       -
N   Orangienboom           250    -       48     
N   Griffioen              225    -       -      
F   ship of Tuenis Hees    -      -       -

De Ruyter's Fleet in 1674

Michiel De Ruyter commanded a fleet that was dispatched to Martinque in 1674. This is from the list in Brandt's biography of De Ruyter. I expect to finish the list later today. It has been in work so long that I wanted to make the majority available now: (Admiralty key: M=Maze, A=Amsterdam, Z=Zeeland, NQ=Noorderkwartier)

Adm Ship                         Commander                    Guns Sailors  Soldiers
M   Zeven Provinciën             Michiel De Ruyter            80   486      80
M   Schieland                    Adriaan Poort                60   202      88
M   Zeelandia                    Pieter de Liefde             42   183      61
M   Utrecht                      Barent Rees                  36   128      41
M   Louisa, fireship             Jan Danielszoon van Rijn
M   Maria, fireship              Dirk de Munnik         
M   Faam, snauw                  Jacob Hoek                    -     -      14
M   Griffoen, snauw              Evert de Liefde               -     -      10
M   Nieuw Rotterdam, transport   Frans van Nydek              10    40     134
M   Moorjaans Hooft, transport   Moises Wichmans               8    30     136
M   Juffrouw Katarina, transport Cornelis van der Hoeven       9    30     146
M   Blauwen Arend, transport     Isaak Teuniszoon van Anten    8    29     135
M   Swaan, transport             Joost Gillisz. van den Brandt -
M   Haas, transport              Klaas Huigen                  4    14       -
M   St. Pieter                   Pieter Droghart
A   Spiegel                      Schout-bij-Nacht De Ruyter   70   296      83
A   Geloof                       Thomas Tobiaszoon            58   183      99
A   Oosterwijk                   Pieter van Middelandt        56   206      98
A   Provincie van Utrecht        Joan de Witte                60   198     111
A   Tijdverdrijf                 Graaf van Stiernum           52   197      71
A   Berscherming                 Pieter de Sitter             50   188      91
A   Burg van Leiden              Philips de Munnik            44
A   Damiaten                     Cornelis van der Zaan        34    96      72
A   Groene Draak, fireship       Willem Willemszoon            4    22
A   Sayer, fireship              Cornelis Boermans             4    20
A   Leydtstar, fireship          Jan van Kampen                4    18
A   Salm, fireship               Arent Ruighaver               4    20
A   Hoen, snauw                  Klaas Portugaal              12    45
A   Tonijn, snauw                Philips Melkenbeeke           8    28
A   Bonte Haan, snauw            Zeger Corneliszoon Potter     8    36
A   Opper Does, transport fluit  Roemer Vlak                  16    39     142
A   Barkhout, transport fluit    Michiel Kindt                12    40     139
A   Sphera Mundi, transport      Abraham Taalman               9    32     123
A   Graaf Floris, transport      Jan Noirot                   12    32     137
A   Liefde, transport fluit      Jan Rylofszoon               16    32      92
A   Neptunis, transport fluit    Hans Hartwijk                12    32     118
A   Prins te Paard, transport    Barent Haas                  12    33     134
A   Jupiter, transport fluit     Willem van Ewijk             12    31     155
A   St.Jan Evangelist, storeship Jan Evertszoon             
A   Koning David, storeship      Heertge Karstens           
A   Sint Pieter, storeship       Hendrik Walop
A   Witte Tas, storeship         Jan Adriaanszoon van Nes
A   Witte Paard, galjoot         Meindert Jacobszoon Quast
A   Jonge Tobias, galjoot        Cornelis Pieterszoon Heertjes
Z   Zierikzee                    Vice-Adm. Cornelis Evertsen  60   305      85
Z   Vlissingen                   Karel van der Putten         50   220      70
Z   Delft                        Adriaan Banckert             32   120      32
Z   Bruijnvis, snauw             Matthijs Laurenszoon       
Z   Wijnrank, waterfluit         Cornelis Lijncourt            8    24      62
NQ  Gelderland                   Jan Krook                    56   237      41
NQ  Caleb                        Jan Muys                     46   198      33
NQ  Jupiter                      Pieter Bakker                40   166      31
NQ  Prins te Paard, transport    Pieter Kersseboom            12    41     158
NQ  Wapen van Hoorn, transport   Klaas Wijnbergen             12    36     145

There is a comment in Dutch that I don't totally understand (afwezende):

Doch in deze lijst waren ook gesteld de namen van negen afwezende schepen, te weten.
This is in reference to this list of captains:

      Pieter de Liefde        Jan Evertszoon
      Jacob Hoek              Heertge Kerstens (sic)
      Evert de Liefde         Hendrik Walop
      Philips de Munnik       Jan Adriaanszoon van Nes
      Philips Melkenbeek

Source:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

More about ships in Haultain's fleet

I posted the list of Haultain's fleet sent to the Mediterranean Sea in 1620 to 1621 at Anglo-Dutch Wars. I have more information about some of the ships:

Adm  name         Last sailors soldiers
M    Leeuwinne    200  -       -        Maybe same as listed in 1628 with crew of 90 and 180 lasts
M    Gelderland   180  -       -        Perhaps ship commanded by Maarten Tromp in 1628
                                      and listed as built in 1616, of 160 lasts
                                      and armed with 2-chambered 24pdr, 2-18pdr, 2-12pdr,
                                      8-8pdr, 4-6pdr, and 6-4pdr

A    Meerman      100   70      20      Is is likely the ship listed in 1628 armed
                                      with 2-12pdr, 6-8pdr, 8-5pdr, and 6-steenstukken

A    Meerminne    100   70      20      This is probably the ship listed in 1628 armed with
                                      2-12pdr, 4-8pdr, 8-5pdr, 2-4pdr, and 6-steenstukken

A    Gulden Leeuw 130   80      22      This may be the ship listed in 1628 armed
   (Gouden Leeuw)                     with 6-12pdr, 12-8pdr, 4-5pdr, and 8-steenstukken

A    Amsterdam    350  156      36      The ship listed in 1628 only has 26 guns
                                      and is listed as being 180 lasts, so this is
                                      a different ship, built earlier

A    Vrieslandt   150   95      26      Perhaps this is the ship listed in 1628 as
                                      being of 140 lasts, armed with 2-chambered 12pdr,
                                      4-12pdr, 10-8pdr, 6-5pdr, and 6-steenstukken,
                                      although it may not be.

A    Vlack        220  110      30    
A    Arent        220  110      24    
A    Edam         150   95      30      This may be the ship listed in 1628
                                      with a crew of 85 sailors and 30 soldiers
                                      and armed with 2-chambered 12pdr, 9-12pdr,
                                      9-8pdr, 4-5pdr, and 6-steenstukken

Z    Orranigh     400                   Bigger than any ship listed in 1628
Z    Mareminne    260                   Perhaps this is the Meerminne of 200 lasts
Z    Aeolus       200                   Perhaps this is the ship listed at 170 lasts in 1628
N    Samson       300
N    Gouden Leeuw 180    0      32      Listed in 1628 with a crew of 85 men
N    Eendracht    300                   Listed in 1628 with a crew of 100 and armed with 36 guns
N    Makreel      120                   Listed in 1628 with a crew of 75 men

Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.

Dutch Captain: Pieter van Zalingen

Pieter van Zalingen served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In the fall of 1652, he commanded the three-masted jacht Brak (18 guns). He was part of Augustijn Balck's convoying force that accompanied a convoy to Muscovy in October. In 1656, he commanded the 44-gun ship Gelderland in Lt-Admiral van Wassenaer's fleet that went to Danzig. In 1658, he commanded the Harder (30 guns). While Captain Zalingen had been operating with the fleet 1n 1658, he was apparently not present at the Battle of the Sound. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.
3. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

I need to update my First Anglo-Dutch War Privateers Bounty scenarios

Since I developed the scenarios for the First Anglo-Dutch War for Privateers Bounty, I have learned more about ship names and specifications for ships that were previously not known. Usually, because most lists only have the captain's name and perhaps guns and crew, we didn't know all the names. We still don't know all the names, but we can hope that the information will eventually surface. Five years ago, I wouldn't have predicted that we would have learned details about so many Directors' ships as we have. As I have written before, Frank Fox's prediction is that if we keep looking, that we will eventually have the complete picture. I can believe that there is more that we can expect to learn, as Vreugdenhil had access to some information about ships prior to 1652 that I have not yet seen. The pity is that Vreugdenhil only published a small part of what is available, since he did not supply captain names for ships.

Dutch Captain: Dirk Gerritszoon Pomp

Dirk Gerritszoon Pomp served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. In July 1654, he commanded the 28-gun ship Enkhuizen. He participated in the expedition to Danzig in 1656, where he commanded the 48-gun ship Eendracht. I have been skeptical of this list, originally published in the Hollandsche Mercurius in 1656 and then reprinted in Brandt's biography of De Ruyter. The reason is that all these captains are said to command ships different from what they commanded immediately before and after the expedition. Dirk Gerritszoon Pomp fought in the Battle of the Sound in 1658, where he commanded the 27-gun ship Wapen van Enkhuizen. This is almost certainly the same ship that he commanded in 1654. In 1664, he commanded the 36-gun ship Roode Leeuw (Wapen van Holland), under the command of Michiel De Ruyter. He took part in operations with De Ruyter to recover lost trading outposts in Guinea. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2004.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.

3. P. Verhoog and L. Koelmans, De Reis van Michiel Adriaanzoon de Ruyter in 1664-1665, 1961.

Dutch Captain: Nicolaas Naalhout

Nicolaas Naalhout served the Admiralty of the Maze (Rotterdam). In August 1665, he commanded the 44 gun ship Batavia (148 sailors and 46 soldiers). He fought in the Four Days Battle in June 1666, where he commanded the frigate Harderwijk (32 guns). For the Four Days Battle, he was assigned to Aert van Nes's division. At the St. James's Day Battle, he was assigned to Jan de Liefde's division. He commanded the Harderwijk up through 1667. He seems to have taken part in the Raid on Chatham and the Raid on Harwich. He fought in the Battle of Solebay in 1672, where he was assigned to Lt-Admiral Banckert's squadron. He commanded the 60-gun ship Schieland during 1672. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

De Ruyter's fleet in 1664

Michiel De Ruyter was given command of a small fleet that was primarily to operate to protect Dutch interests and shipping. An important part of their operations was retaking Dutch outposts in Guinea that had been captured by Robert Holmes. De Ruyter's fleet consisted of the following ships: Admiralty of Amsterdam

1. De Spiegel, 68 guns 315 men Vice-Admiral De Ruyter
2. Provincie van Utrecht, 58 guns 265 men Commandeur Gidion de Wildt
3. 't Geloof, 50 guns 220 men Schout-bij-Nacht Willem van der Zaan
4. Middelburg, 36 guns 165 men Isaak Sweers
5. Damiaten, 32 guns 135 men Hendrick Adriaanszoon
6. Edam, 34 guns 135 men Jacob Corneliszoon Swart
7. De Groene Kameel (supply fluit), 10 guns 30 men Enno Doedeszoon Star

Admiralty of Rotterdam (Maze)

1. Prinses Louise, 40 guns 175 men Schout-bij-Nacht Aert van Nes
2. Rotterdam, 34 guns 124 men Schout-bij-Nacht Leendert Haexwant
3. Harderwijk, 34 guns 150 men Jan van Nes

Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier

1. 't Noorderkwartier, 50 guns 258 men Vice-Admiral Joan Corneliszoon Meppel
2. De Rode Leeuw, 36 guns 150 men Dirk Gerritszoon Pomp
3. Caleb, 36 guns 150 men Govert 't Hoen

Sources:

1. P. Verhoog and L. Koelmans, De Reis van Michiel Adriaanzoon de Ruyter in 1664-1665, 1961.

Dutch Captain: Claes Aldertszoon

Claes Aldertszoon served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. At the start of the First Anglo-Dutch War, he commanded the hired ship Nieuwkasteel. He probably fought in the Battle of the Kentish Knock. By later in 1653, he commanded the Hoorn (or Wapen van Hoorn), and fought at the Battle of Scheveningen. He was present in Lt-Admiral van Wassenaer's expedition to Danzig in 1656 (again, in the Wapen van Hoorn). In 1658, he fought in the Battle of the Sound, still in the Wapen van Hoorn (28 guns). Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.

Dutch Captain: Jacob Adriaanszoon Pensse (or Penssen)

Jacob Adriaanszoon Pensse served the Directors of Middelburg during the First Anglo-Dutch War. He commanded a 30-gun ship, the Gouden Leeuw. He sailed with Tromp's fleet on the voyage to the Shetlands in July and early August 1652, and took part in the council of war after the storm. Later in August, he was assigned to Witte de With's squadron. In early 1653, he fought at the Battle of Portland. He served through the war, and took part in Witte de With's operation to Norway to convoy home merchant ships that were sheltering there. He ship was lost in the storm that occurred as they were almost home. The storm lasted from October 29th to October 31st, 1653. In 1659, he served the Admiralty of Zeeland, and commanded the 42-gun ship Middelburg that was with De Ruyter's fleet that had been dispatched to the Baltic. He commanded the Middleburg (now with 46 guns) through the Second Anglo-Dutch War. He fought at the Battle of Lowestoft, where he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. He also fought in the Four Days' Battle in 1666, where he was still in Jan Evertsen's squadron. He ship now carried 50 guns. At the St. James's Day Battle, he was in Jan Evertsen's van squadron. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1620-1700", 2004.
3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.