The captain of the Amsterdam Directors' ship Faam

I have the photograph of a multi-page list of Amsterdam Directors' ships that defniitely shows that the captain of the Faam (28 guns) was Jacob Cornelisz Swart. The document is in a group of pages dating from late February to early March 1653. That same list suggests to me that Sipke Fockes commanded the Sint Maria (28 guns) at the Three Days Battle (AKA the Battle of Portland).

The Amsterdam ship Omlandia

Jacob Troncquoijs commanded the hired ship Omlandia during the summer of 1652. He was replaced by Boetius Schaeff, by the fall. From the spring of 1653, Boetius Schaeff's father, Maarten Schaeff, commanded the Omlandia, until the Omlandia was sunk at the Battle of Scheveningen on 10 August 1653. Ron van Maanen has the dimensions for the Omlandia: 120ft x 27-1/2ft x 12ft, with a height between decks of 6-3/4ft. From a document, I know that the armament of the Omlandia, during the summer of 1652, was 12-12pdr, 6-8pdr, 10-6pdr, and 2-3pdr guns, for a gotal of 30 guns. The crew was nominally 100 men. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

The Kampen drawing at Maritiem Digital

Two Willem van de Velde de Oude drawings of the ship Kampen show up in a search of the Maritiem Digitaal database. The drawing that was done about 1665 is the best of the two. The second, dating from 1672 is so light as to be all but invisible. The drawings available online seem to be very low resolution images, but this, showing the Kampen from the port quarter is acceptable. I found these simply by searching with the term "1652". The 1665 drawing was number 68 of 359 records.

Ab Hoving at Texas A&M University

I have exchanged email with Ab Hoving several times in the last 4 years. He is the ship model curator at the Scheepvaart Museum at Amsterdam (which is closed for renovation). About a year ago, Ab Hoving was invited to speak at the Nautical Archaeology Program at Texas A&M University. Wendy van Duivenvoorde has a page about the visit, with photographs. I knew that Ab Hoving was looking for a publisher for an English translation for his Nicolaes Witsen book, and it would be great if it could be published by the university press at Texas A&M University.

The July 1653 list of ships at Vlissingen: the VOC ship of the "Hoorne" Chamber

The handwritten outline list of ships at Vlissingen in early July 1653, giving the status of ships, most of which are not named, gives the VOC ship from Hoorn (written as "Hoorne") as "unready". That ship was the Sint Willeboort, which is not mentioned in any published source that I have seen. This was a quite long ship, almost 140 Amsterdam feet, that only carried 28 guns and had a crew of 110 men. I am pretty confident that the ship was ready in time for the Battle of Scheveningen on 10 August 1653. The Sint Willeboort had fought in the Battle of the Gabbard ("Nieuwpoort")on 12 and 13 June 1653.

Hendrick Croeger's middle name

A document dated 27 April 1652 gives Hendrik Kroeger's name as "Hendrick Evertsz Croeger". I have not seen his middle name, Evertszoon, mentioned before. This sort of name is usually abbreviated down to Evertsz (ommitting the period that we would put there, writing "Evertsz."). You might also see names like this called Evertssen, although it could be Evertsen, like the famous Zeeland family. By the way, Hendrick Kroeger commanded the convoyer Marcus Curtius (24 guns) up until 22 July 1652, when the English attacked the fishing protection squadron, of which the Marcus Curtius was part. He commanded the ship Leiden (28 guns) during 1653.

Gerrit Munth was Willem Ham's lieutenant in April 1652

I was reading copies, this morning, from the Collection Johan de Witt, and looked a page that listed captains and their lieutenants in April 1652 for the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. I had seen this before, but had forgotten that in April 1652, Gerrit Munth was Captain Ham's lieutenant. I presume that this meant Willem Ham, who commanded the Noorderkwartier ship Sampson at the beginning of the First Anglo-Dutch War. Fairly early, Gerrit Munth was appointed as captain of the 28-gun ship Huis van Nassau. By May 1653, he commanded the 32-gun ship Lastdrager and did so up to at least November 1653.

Analysis

I have revived my analysis document about Amsterdam ships that I had started in December 2006. I still am interested in seeing if I can guess which ship that Abraham van der Hulst commanded. I assume that this was a "landsschip" and that the ship was one that we know about. If that is true, then by having a comprehensive list that shows who commanded ships, by date, we should be able to find which ship was that commanded by Abraham van der Hulst. The list of ships is too well-defined for his ship to be a "mystery ship". I must admit that our experience with Zeeland ships in 1652 ought to inspire some caution on this, as there were a number of Zeeland ships in service that were not mentioned in published sources.

The reason why Abraham van der Hulst's ship in 1652 could be a previously unknown ship

There is a small chance that Abraham van der Hulst's 26-gun ship in 1652 could be a previously unknown ship is that figuring out what ship he commanded, by analysis, has not been possible. You would think that if he commanded a ship that we knew about and that we have accurate information about which captains commanded which ships, then we could find the ship by analysis. I think that the chances of the ship being an unknown ship (a "mystery ship") are small, but they are a real possibility. Another possibility is that the ship was one that had served in the 1630s and 1640s, was damaged in the storm in the Shetlands and was finally discarded. We just don't know of any plausible ships.

Abraham van der Hulst's ship in the summer of 1652

I decided to look at the options, again, for Abraham van der Hulst's ship in June to August 1652. I assume that his ship was one of the well-known ships built as a warship. If that is true, then we should be able to make an educated guess as to the ship's identity by knowing, for all the Amsterdam ships, what captains commanded them during this period. I had thought, again, that the ship might be the klein Zutphen, but Ewout Jeroenszoon de Moy seems to have commanded the Zutphen from June, if not earlier.

Mistakes?

I have wondered at the seeming mistakes in the outline list of the Dutch fleet, dating from early July 1653, when the fleet was mostly near Vlissingen (Flushing). The issue is about the assignment of ships to particular directors, from some seaports. The ship Halve Maen, is said to be with the Directors of Monnikendam, whch we actually think that the ship was hired by the Directors of Edam. The ship Vergulde Zon, or Schellinkhout, seems to have been hired by the Directors of Enkhuizen, but there are several lists, including the one from early July, that say that the ship was hired by the Directors of Edam. The fact that there are several, unrelated lists with these assignments is curious. Were they all wrong? My supposition is that they were all wrong, and that they are based on some common source that gave the assignments incorrectly.

The Amsterdam ship Gaasterland, built in 1688

The ship Gaasterland was built by Hendrik Cardinaal at Amsterdam in 1688. The Gaasterland was built for the Admiralty of Amsterdam, and was considered to be a poor ship as the gunports were too low to the water. The French captured the Gaasterland in 1703. The dimensions for the Gaasterland were 135ft x 35ft x 14ft. The main battery consisted of 18pdr guns. The armament was 22-18pdr, 22-8pdr, and 8-4pdr guns. Ron van Maanen describes the Gaasterland as a "4th Rate". The Gaasterland was usually armed with between 46 and 52 guns and had a crew that varied between 190 and 210 men. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "ZEELAND", undated

The Sint Mattheus

I have been confused by the Sint Mattheeus, because there were two sets of dimensions referenced in different places. I had finally become convinced that there was only one ship, and that was captured by the English at the Battle of the Gabbard in June 1653. Ron van Maanen has two entries in his "Zeeland" document, one for the larger dimensions and one for the smaller. I cannot be sure if he was just documenting the two sets of dimensions or if he actually thought that there were two ships. Documents dating from March 1652 give the dimensions as 140ft x 34ft x 15ft, with a height between decks of 7-1/3ft. The only exceptions to those dimensions were the list prepared by David de Wildt in February 1652 that listed dimensions of 144ft x 36ft x 15ft. The 144ft x 36ft were the dimensions mentioned in Dr. Weber's book about the Four Days' Battle. Ron van Maanen says that the 7-1/3ft is actually the height below the orlogdeck, which is a rather different proposition. I see some of these different heights mentioned, but the same sort of dimension is used in every case where there is a deck height listed and they are consistent. The documents often don't say what the height is, but they author simply assumed that everyone knew that it was the height between decks.

Was Adriaen Vermeulen Johannes van Regermorter's lieutenant?

Adriaen Vermeulen commanded the Middelburg Directors' ship Leeuwinne on the voyage to Norway in September to November 1653. The original commander, Johannes van Regermorter was killed at the Three Days' Battle, on the first day, 28 February 1653. The Leeuwinne (or Gouden Leeuwinne) was a 120ft-long ship with a main battery of 8pdr guns. The Leeuwinne was equipped, however, with 4-bronze 24pdr guns. Sources:

1. a page dated 11 February 1653 from Lias Admiraliteiten at the Nationaal Archief
2. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992
3. Witte de With, journals from 1652 to 1658, Archive E8812 from the Riksarkivet, Stockholm

More interesting pages

I received some more interesting pages today. One has the dimensions, gun list, and crew details for Jan Le Sage's ship, the Gouden Haen and Jacob Pensen's ship Gouden Leeuw. Both ships had "main batteries" of 8pdr guns, but the Gouden Haen had 8-18pdr guns, so that the ship was one of a handful of Dutch ships to carry 8-18pdr guns. Pieter Florissen's ship, the Monnikendam, was another ship so armed.

Looking for Zeeland ships during 1700 to 1800

I am browsing Ron van Maanen's largest document, looking for Zeeland ships during the period of 1700 to 1800. I am up to "Dolfijn" and all I have seen are many vessels of the type "uitlegger". I found the "Naval Sailing Warfare History 1650-1850" Wiki, and saw that there were at least some large Zeeland ships during this period. For example, after I saw the Wiki, I was able to find Ron's reference to the Zierikzee, built in 1733 and last mentioned in 1782:

The ship Zierikzee, built in 1733, rebuilt in 1743

Dimensions: 156ft x 44ft x 18-1/2ft

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

Captain of the Hector van Troijen in December 1652

One document that in photographs that I received two days ago list Friesland captains and their ship, apparently from 7 December 1652. The page with the date is indistinct, so the date is certainly in December 1652, but the exact day is unclear. In any case, the only change that I especially noticed is that Laurens Harmensz Degelencamp (as this document calls him) was now captain of the ship Hector van Troijen. Reiner Sekema (or Siccema) had been removed and would face courtmartial. The Hector van Troijen was a rather small 24-gun ship that had fought at the Battle of Plymouth in August and the Battle of the Kentish Knock in October. I usually seen the captain's name written as Laurens Degelcamp, but I have seen him simply called Laurens Hermanszoon. A descendent of his or distant relative told me that his name really was Laurens Degelencamp.

The Wikipedia De Ruyter page

I just checked the De Ruyter Wikipedia page and it seems to have at least some of the information from new books published as we come up to the anniversary of Michiel de Ruyter's birth (1607), four hundred years ago.

Yesterday, I received photographs of the document with Zeeland Directors' ships from December 1652

I received the two photographs from a document that gives the gun lists and crews for three Zeeland Directors' ships: Jan Thijssen's ship Witte Lam, Bastiaen Centen's ship the Haes, and Allert Janszoon/Teunis Post's ship, the Arend (or Dubbele Arend). The Lam or Witte Lam had been Michiel De Ruyter's flagship from late 1652 until the late summer of 1653, and was heavily engaged. The Haes and Dubbele Arend both took part in the voyage to Norway and back in September to November 1653. Perhaps there would be some interest in knowing that in December 1652, the Lam carried 34 guns, of which four were 24pdr and two were 18pdr. The Lam had an odd collection of guns: bronze 24pdr, 18pdr, 12pdr, and 6pdr guns and iron 12pdr and 8pdr guns. The largest number were iron 8pdr guns.

Ron van Maanen says that there were fireships in 1665 fitted with "bangmakers"

Ron van Maanen lists a fireship Walvis that served in 1665 for the Admiralty of Zeeland. The ship had dimensions 91ft x 21-1/2ft x 11ft. The Walvis carried two guns and had a crew of 12 men. Interestingly, Ron says that the Walvis was fitted with "bangmakers". That is the only reference to "bangmakers" that I could find in his largest document. I need to look at Frank Fox's book, A Distant Storm, to see if he mentions "bangmakers".

Today, I received a list of Amsterdam ships from about

I received photographs of a list of Amsterdam ships, giving their crews and lists of guns. This only covered the ships still in service, as those that were already lost had only summary information. The striking thing is that the better ships all had large numbers of 12pdr guns, with the remainder being 6pdr. The lesser ships only had a smaller number of 12pdr guns, with more 8pdr, with 6pdr and smaller guns, as well.

I have this page dated 24 May 1652

There is a page dated 24 May 1652. There had been a date of 29 April 1652, but a line is drawn through it. The page has a list of seven Rotterdam captains:

Dirck Claesz van Dongen
Isaack de Jongh
Jacob van Cleijdijck
Sijmon Cornelisz van der Meer
Ruth Jacobsz Buijs
Arien Cornelisz de Zeeuw

We could play a game of "what name seems to not belong here?". The name that is "out of place" is Dirck Claesz van Dongen. The others commanded Rotterdam Directors' ships, but he commanded a ship involved in fishery protection. Does anyone have an explanation?

The Noorderkwartier ship Lastdrager (1652-1653)

Although not mentioned by name, the ship Lastdrager initially appeared in late 1652, under the command of Volckert Schram (according to Carl Stapel). By the spring of 1653, Gerrit Munt commanded the Lastdrager, which apparently was an East Indiaman. There is an undated page, but likely from June 1652, that mentions the ship and Gerrit Munt as the captain. The ship is listed, although not by name, as having 32 guns and a crew of 110 men in August 1653. In September 1653, the ship is mentioned by name, along with Gerrit Munt as the captain, in a list of ships with Witte de With's fleet on the voyage to Norway. This is from Witte de With's journal.

Prior to the Battle of the Kentish Knock, some of the Amsterdam Directors' ships were upgunned

Apparently, the figures usually seen for the Amsterdam Directors' ships armaments in 1652 were just nominal figures, or what was planned. What I am seeing from September 1652 are actual guns on board, which is apparently something unusual. The ships in this document all have 4pdr guns and some have more guns than the nominal numbers. I had no idea that Sipke Fockes' ship, the Sint Maria, carried 31 guns at the Battle of the Kentish Knock. I believe that it was the Gideon that had as many as 37 guns. The Mauritius had her nominal 34 guns, but had 12pdr guns substituted for lesser guns.

The Gideon in September 1652

I received better photographs of a document, dating from September 1652, that has armaments listed for some ship, including the Amsterdam Directors' ship Gideon, commanded by Hector Bardesius at this date. A number of ships were armed with "half-cartouwen" 24pdr guns. The Gideon carried 4 bronze 24pdr guns of this type. While nominally carrying 34 guns, the Burgh actually seems to have had 37 guns: 4-24pdr, 14-12pdr, 8-8pdr, 5-6pdr, 2-4pdr, 4-3pdr. From other sources, we know that the Gideon had dimensions of 132-1/2ft x 29-1/4ft x 13-1/2ft, with a height between decks of 6-1/2ft.

I see that the latest Rotterdam list from 1652 is of the fleet "under the flag of Vice-Admiral De With"

I had wondered about yet another list of ships of the Admiralty of Rotterdam, dating from 1652. I looked at the title on the first page, and this list is of the fleet under the flag of Vice-Admiral Witte de With. In the list, the crew of the Brederode is listed as 175 sailors and 75 soldiers. The crew of Witte de With's flagship Prinses Louise was 121 sailors and 41 soldiers. The list actually includes all Rotterdam ships, as Michiel Fransz van den Bergh's ship, the 40-gun Gelderland, which was in the Mediterranean Sea is included. The Gelderland had a crew of 110 sailors and 30 soldiers. The small frigate Gelderland, commanded by the famous Aert Jansz van Nes, had a large crew, consisting of 80 sailors and 20 soldiers. Paulus van den Kerckhoff's ship, the Dolphijn, had a crew of 109 sailors and 31 soldiers.

An interesting two page document

On 2 March 2007, I received more photographs of documents. These included a two page document that has ship names, captains, crew, and lists of guns. There is an entry for the "Jeronimus", commanded by Jan Pietersz Een arm, but the entry only gives the crew as 100 men and the armament as 30 guns, with no guns listed (sadly). The other entries all list guns, by shot weight, except for the ship commanded by kapitein Ham. This was the Tobias, but the name is not even included. The list is dated 6 September 1652.

Willem Folkertszoon's ship the Swarte Bul

Willem Folkertszoon commanded a ship belonging to the Middelburg Chamber of the VOC (the Dutch East Indies Company) in the summer of 1653. Witte de With's journal says that in August, the Swarte Bul (presumably, also named Edam) carried 36 guns and had a crew of 139 men. At this date, the Swarte Bul carried victuals for 12 weeks. None of the published sources have even the number of guns for any of these VOC ships serving with the fleet. The dimensions for the Swarte Bul (Edam) may exist. I have just not seen them, yet. The Swarte Bul took part in the voyage to Norway in September to November 1653, in Witte de With's fleet. The Swarte Bul's captain at this time was Abraham Arenszoon, who had been the luitenent-commandeur. Sources:

1. Witte de With, journals from 1652 to 1658, Archive E8812 from the Riksarkivet, Stockholm

Another list that confirms that the Campen, Westfriesland, Star, and others were hired!

The document from the Wrangell Collection that Jan Glete had sent me had Amsterdam ships hired in 1652. We had a hard time with it, because we had considerable reason to believe that the Campen, Westfriesland, Star, Edam, and other ships, were "Landsschepen" and belonged to the Admiralty of Amsterdam rather than being hired ("gehuurd"). I received photographs of a list, today, that confirm that these ships were listed as "hired". My attempt at an explanation is that these ships were funded by the "100 ships", and were considered to be "hired". Another explanation is that they were actually hired, after being discarded at the peace in 1648. I have assumed that these ships were simply put into reserve, in 1648, available to be returned to service when needed.

I have inventories for Friesland ships in 1652

One interesting thing that I received in the last few days were photographs of inventories for hired Friesland ships in 1652. They don't have the weights of guns, but they are detailed inventories, which could be useful for analysis of ships characteristics. They could also help to estimate values for ships for which we don't have inventories. One little nugget is the the hired ship Schaepharder seems to have been built in 1643 and had a main battery of just 6pdr guns. The ship carried nothing larger.

Numbers of Dutch ships in 1652

The numbers of Dutch ships funded by the various acts of the Staten Generaal seem to be treated in the published literature, including by Dr. Elias, as absolute numbers. There were the 40 convoyers funded at the peace treaty with Spain in 1648. These were supplemented by 36 cruisers in 1651. In early 1652, another 150 ships were "added", fifty provided by the Directors of the various seaports and 100 by the five admiralties. Those numbers total to 226 ships, which some authors expect to be meaningful. In fact, there were fewer than 40 convoyers left by early 1652, although the number 41 is sometimes mentioned, to further confuse the issue. The "36 Ships" is in different sources also said to be 35 or 37 ships. Of the 150 ships, the fifty Directors' ships were in fact hired and in service, however briefly, before losses occurred. Of the 100 ships, there were never 100 ships in service, and they were not just hired ships, but new construction and warships activated from the reserve.

36pdr guns in the Dutch navy

Prior to 1665, and even after that, very few Dutch warships carried any 36pdr guns. The Aemilia and Brederode, both flagships, both carried them, as did the Eendracht blown up at the Battle of Lowestoft in 1665. Michiel De Ruyter's flagship, the Zeven Provincien carried more 36 pdrs than any Dutch ship previously seen, as it had 12 in 1666. The Aemilia and Brederode carried four each. A few other ships had 36pdrs. For example, the Groene Draeck, 250-last ship built in 1623, carried two of them. The Hof van Zeeland, lost at the Four Days' Battle had two, as well. The Delfland, Michiel De Ruyter's flagship in the summer and early fall of 1665 carried one 36pdr. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2006
2. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984
3. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

One thing that interests me are keel lengths for Dutch ships

They only seem to be scarcely documented, but there are some keel lengths known for Dutch warships. They seem known for more ships built from the 1680's and beyond. Ron van Maanen has some of them in his long document:

Adm   Ship                Date Length    Keel Length  Length to Keel
A     Argo                1772 149ft-9in 140ft-2in    1.0688
N     Arnhem              1693 145ft     123-1/2ft    1.174
A     Beemster Koe        1686 138ft     115ft        1.2
N     Beschermer          1690 170ft     146-1/4ft    1.1624

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

One continuing mystery: the Dutch prize Bear, taken by the English

Somehow, Ron van Maanen has Dutch specifications for ship that was taken by the English and which served as the Bear. This ship is still a mystery, since the obvious conclusion was that this was the Monnikendam Directors' ship commanded by Jacob Claesz Boot in the summer of 1652. The Swarte Beer still seems to have been in service with the Dutch in August 1653, by now commanded by Jan Cornelisz Oli. This was a large ship, 132ft long, with 32 guns.

The Amsterdam ship Banier from 1691

The Amsterdam ship Banier was built in 1691 during the War of the English Succession. The Banier was built by Hendrik Cardinaal at Amsterdam. There was another report that the Banier had been built by Jan van Rheenen. Ron van Maanen has the details about the Banier. The dimensions were 145ft x 39ft x 15ft. The Banier carried 64 guns and had a crew of 325 men. The armament consisted of 24-18pdr, 24-12pdr, and 16-6pdr guns. The Banier was broken up in 1719 (or, perhaps, in 1718). Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992

The Burcht van Leiden of 1653

Ron van Maanen has the details about the Amsterdam ship Burcht van Leiden, which was built at Edam in 1653 by Pieter Pietersz "Ouwtdaas". The contract called for a ship that was 130ft long with a 13ft hold. The ship was built larger than that. The ship survived at Amsterdam until 18 April 1685, when the ship was to be sold at auction, since it had become "unservicable". The dimensions usually given were 132-1/2ft x 32ft x 13-1/2ft, with a height between decks of 7ft. In April 1655, the guns were listed as 4-18pdr, 22-12pdr, 14-8pdr, and 4 drakes (probably 6pdr). The ship was often called the Burgh van Leiden. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992

Game programming books

I am still a rookie game programmer. I have done a small amount of 2D Blitz Basic programming, using the Visual Blitz IDE, but that is all I have done. I am an experienced Java programmer, so in my continuing program to get to the point that I can do some game programming, I purchased Jonathan Harbour's book Beginning Java 5 Game Programming. Last week, my wife bought me a book called The Game Maker's Apprentice: Game Development for Beginners, by Jacob Habgood and Mark Overmars (a Dutch professor). I am interested in developing simulation-style naval wargames for 17th Century naval gaming. I at least have the continuing delusion that I might have something to contribute on the subject. I suspect that my first effort will be 2D, not 3D, due to the difficulty of generating 3D models.

We should be able to estimate the rake and thickness of the side for Dutch ships captured by the English

Where we have both Dutch dimensions and English dimensions when a Dutch ship was captured and the dimensions were recorded, we should be able to estimate the rake and the thickness of the planking on the side. We might use the Amsterdam ship Edam. The only possible issue is that the length is somewhat in dispute. The usual length given is 120ft, but we have instances where the length was given as 124ft. If we use the "classic" dimensions, we find:

The ship Edam or Wapen van Edam, called the Black Bull by the English

Dutch Measurements

      Amsterdam ft English ft
Length  120ft      111ft-4in
Beam     28ft       26ft
Hold     11ft       10ft-2.5in

English Measurements 

      Amsterdam ft English ft
Keel    92ft-7.5in  86ft
Beam    30ft-6in    28ft-4in
Depth   12ft-1in    12ft

If this has any validity, we might think that the rake was 120ft - 92ft-7.5in, or 27ft-3.5in. The thickness of one side is (30ft-6in - 28ft)/2 = 1ft-3in. If we feel daring, we would see if we can tell the camber of the deck. The Dutch measured the hold at the side, where the deck connected with the side. The English measured at the high point, under the deck at the center. They may not have measured from the same place, but let us imagine that they did. That would make the deck camber 1ft-1in, seems rather high. I took these figures from an old post from 2004.

Carl Stapel says that I am mistaken about the Groninger Nicolaes and Gelderland

Carl Stapel says that the Groninger Nicolaes (or Groninger Sint Nicolaes) and the Gelderland were two separate ships. He says that they both took part in the Battle of the Kentish Knock. Despite the fact that I had seen the page with Laurens Hermansz Degelcamp in command of the Gelderland, I cannot find the photograph, today.

The ships Gelderland and Groeningen Nicolaes were the same ship

I have photographs of pages from the Nationaal Archief that show that the ships Gelderland and Groeningen Nicolaes were the same ship. This was a small ship with dimensions of 106ft x 25-1/2ft x 11ft, with a height between decks of 5-3/4ft. The guns were 4-8pdr, 8-6pdr, 10-4pdr, and 2-2pdr, according to Ron van Maanen. He says that this was a pinnace hired in Groningen in 1652, so that seems to rule out that this was a ship in service prior to the war.

I will be switching to a new look soon

To ease the difficulties in Blogger template maintenance, I will soon be switching 17th Century Naval Wargaming to the new style template, which is much easier to maintain.

I went to photograph some of the pictures from the Hollandsche Mercurius...

I had forgotten that the edition of the 1652 and 1653 Hollandsche Mercurius that I have lacks the nice Reinier Nooms drawings. I went to photograph them over the weekend and realized that I don't have them. I remember now, that when I received my copy a year ago, I saw that there were no drawings. I had also tried to get the James Ford Bell Library to make copies for me, in 2001, but I was only able to get a few. I may have to hire someone to photograph them for me. I do have this one image, showing Tromp fighting the Garland. It is rather large, although the file is just 62K:

The ship Faem, hired in 1642 for service in the Sound

In 1642, the Admiralty of Amsterdam hired ships for service in the Sound. Carl Stapel had sent me copies of the documents some time ago. I could not read several names that were obscured by dark patches, but by adjusting contrast and brightness, I could read the name of this ship. I had photographed the paper copy, which as usual, contains more information than is visible. These are the ship details:

The ship Faem, hired in 1642

Length from stem to sternpost: 118ft
Beam:                           28-1/2ft
Hold:                           14-1/4ft
Height between decks:            6-1/2ft

26 guns: 2-bronze 12pdr, 2-iron 12pdr, 14-iron 8pdr,
         2-copper 8pdr, 4-iron 5pdr, 2-iron 4pdr

A matter of vision

One thing that I found out from my work with digital photographs of documents is that much of my difficulties with reading pages in gothic typeface stem from the small size. I also find that adjusting the brightness and contrast, in conjunction with zooming in to larger size, that I do much better reading the text than if I am left with reading paper with the gothic type face. If I am trying to read from images of copies, the resolution really makes a difference. I have found that pages that I scanned from copies are much lower resolution than photographs, and the images with gothic typeface are much more difficult to read. I probably need to photograph my copies of the Onstelde-Zee, from the James Ford Bell Library at the University of Minnesota, to see if that helps readability. High-resolution digital cameras are good; scanners are not.

Quite a few Dutch ships had been lost or discarded by January 1653

I have a document dating from January 1653 that shows what it says are original numbers funded at the start of the war and those remaining in service:

Ships

Ordinary Convoyers

Originally
in
service  Admiralty     Remaining
 6       Rotterdam         3
16       Amsterdam        14
 8       Zeeland           7
 6       Noorderkwartier   4
 2       Friesland         0

36       Total            28


of the 36 against the French

Originally
in
service  Admiralty     Remaining
 6       Rotterdam         4
14       Amsterdam        13
 7       Zeeland           7
 7       Noorderkwartier   6
 2       Friesland         0

36       Total            30

of the 50 Directors' ships

Originally
in
service  Admiralty     Remaining
 7       Rotterdam         4
24       Amsterdam        16
 9       Zeeland           8
 7       Noorderkwartier   6
 3       Friesland         3

50       Total            30


of the planned hundred

Originally
in
service  Admiralty     Remaining
 9       Rotterdam         6
33       Amsterdam        24
16       Zeeland           9
10       Noorderkwartier   5
15       Friesland         9

83       Total            53

there was also the ship
Vogelstruijs of the East Indies Company

I had forgotten that Nico Brinck said that Dutch guns were bronze, not brass

I believe that Frank Fox always says that 17th Century guns were brass, but Nico Brinck, sea captain, who is into marine archaeology and Dutch guns, says that they were bronze. I had forgotten that is what he had told me. I looked up the old mail from late December 2004, and read that again. I had a question about what a "copere" gun meant, as opposed to "metaele", which is bronze.

Rombout van der Parre's ship in 1652

I have a page that gives the name of Rombout van der Parre's ship. The ship belonged to the Admiralty of Friesland and was named, in this document, "Princesse Albartina van Orangie". The crew was quite small, there being 68 sailors and 12 soldiers. The "main battery" consisted of iron 6pdr guns, supplemented by 6-8pdr and some 3 and 4pdr guns.

The second Friesland 36-gun ship

I have a page from a list of the Dutch navy, dated 28 November 1652, that indicates that there was a second Friesland ship that carried 36 guns, besides Hendrick Jansz Camp's ship, the Wapen van Nassau. That second ship did not have a name listed. Yesterday, I found out what that ship was. I received a photograph of a page that has dimensions, gun list, and crew for a 36-gun ship that does not have a name on the page. The page is from a list of Friesland ships dated 3 December 1652, just five days after the list was prepared. There is just an indication that this was a new ship. I immediately recognized that this was the ship that eventually went into service as the Zevenwolden and which was sunk at the Battle of Scheveningen.

Abraham van der Hulst, in 1652, up to August

I now have photographs of a list from 30 June 1652 that shows that yes, Abraham van der Hulst commanded a 26-gun ship at that date, as indicated by Hendrick de Raedt's list. The question remains: "which ship was that?" I do have the list, dating from 28 November 1652, that shows how the ships were divided into "convoyers funded at the peace in 1648", "the 36 cruisers funded in 1651", and the "hundred ships of the extraordinary equipage, funded in 1652". I would hazard a guess that the ship was one of the convoyers from 1648. My experience has been that when (if we ever do) we know the identity of his ship, we would say "Oh, yeah, of course!" The only thing that I can think to do is to take the list from 30 June 1652, and compare that against the list from 28 November, and look for ships from the latter list that we can't find in the first list. That would be the ship, if there is such a ship.

Some new information about Noorderkwartier hired ships

I just received a photograph (this one somewhat out of focus) of a page that gives the gun lists for the Noorderkwartier hired ships Peereboom and Vergulde Schel. Considering that they both fought through the First Anglo-Dutch War, the surprising thing is how light their armament is. The Peereboom has a main battery of 6pdr guns, with four 8pdrs and some smaller. The Vergulde Schel had 10 3 or 4pdr guns, with some 6 and 8pdrs, as well.

Rotterdam Directors' ships from 16 May 1652

I have a list of Dutch warships dating from 16 May 1652. This is not a fleet list, but a list of ships in service at that date. For the Rotterdam Directors, the list convirms the captains' names that are in Hendrick de Raedt's list, published after the storm in the Shetlands in early August 1652. This list gives the following captains, to which I have added ship information:

Adm    Ship        Guns Crew Captain
R-Dir  Meerman     32   110  Jacob Cleijdijck
R-Dir  Erasmus     ?    ?    Sijmon Corneliszoon (van der Meer)
R-Dir  Jonas       36   125  Jan de Lieffde
R-Dir  Sint Pieter 28   110  Adriaen de Zeeuw
R-Dir  Sint Pieter 29   110  Isaack de Jongh     short of 10 men
R-Dir  Hollandia   28   110  Ruth Jacobsz Buijs  short of  8 men

This list does not include Corstiaen Corstaiensz de Munnick's ship, the Prins. Sources:

1. Hendrik de Raedt, Lyste van de schepen van Oorloge onder het beleyt Admirael Marten Harpersz. Tromp, 1652
2. list of Dutch warships dating from 16 May 1652, attached to letter from Lt-Admiraal Tromp

Jan Olivierszoon's ship

From 1652 to 1653, Jan Olivierszoon commanded the Veere Directors' ship that I have seen called the "Wapen van der Vere" (you would expect something like "Wapen van Veere"). From the page that had the handwritten name "Wapen van der Vere", there were the dimensions: 123-1/2ft x 28ft x 12ft. I only noticed this morning that I have a photograph of a page that has a gun list for Jan Olivierszoon's ship. The sum claims to have 38 guns, but I could only see 34 guns: 4-brass 18pdr, 4-iron 12pdr, 18-iron 8pdr, 4-iron 6pdr, and 4-iron 3pdr. The page gives his crew as 125 men, consisting of sailors and soldiers. The date seems to be 27 November 1652, if I am reading the three letters correctly, as "nov".

Could the small ship Roode Hart be the captured English Hart?

The last ship in a list of Zeeland ships is named the Hart. The Hart was commanded by Jan Franssen Wasel. The Roode Hart was a 70ft-long "boot", with a crew of 40 men and an armament of 8 iron 4pdr guns. I had forgotten that this was the "Roode Hart", not just the "Hart", so perhaps it is not the English prize.

The frigates Overijssel and Utrecht were of the 100 ships of 1652

I was surprised to learn that the old Rotterdam frigates Overijssel and Utrecht were among the 100 ships funded in early 1652 for the First Anglo-Dutch War. These were both built as warships, and were of the same design as the frigate Gelderland, which was one of the 40 convoyers funded in 1648, at the peace. A list dated 28 July 1652 and another dated 28 November 1652 both confirm this fact.

In a list from late 1652, there is a note that Jan Bourgoigne commanded Willem Ham's ship

In a recently received document photograph, there is confirmation that Jan Bourgoigne commanded Willem Ham's ship. Willem Ham had commanded the Noorderkwartier ship Sampson, a landsschip, in the Battle of Dover on 29 May 1652, where he was wounded. His luitenant apparently commanded the Sampson on 22 July 1652 when the Sampson was taken by the English. Willem Ham was eventually appointed captain of the Noorderkwartier hired ship Tobias. The Tobias would be the ship that Jan Bourgoigne commanded at the Battle of Dungeness on 10 December 1652.

This list from late 1652 calls Claes Jansz Sanger "Claes Janssen Zanger"

I just received photographs of this wonderful list of Zeeland ships that dates from late 1652. In that list, the man that I usually call Claes Janszoon Sanger is called Claes Janssen Zanger. That does not surprise me particularly, as there is the constant interchange in use between the "sen" and "zoon", the former seeming more Scandanavian. So Janszoon (Jan's son) becomes Janssen. There is also the interchange between Z and S a great deal in 17th Century writing. There are also several occasions, such as Witte de With's journal in May 1653 when Claes Jansz Sanger is called "kapitien Claes". In May 1653, he commanded the ship Milde Maarten (26 guns).

Carl Stapel has the correct dimensions for the Essen

Carl Stapel sent me his information about the Essen, or Wapen van Essen. The dimensions should be 142ft x 36-3/4ft x 14ft. The armament from 1665 seems extremely odd, with the largest guns being 12pdr and there being 38-8pdr guns!

The Amsterdam ship Essen

Ron van Maanen has the dimensions for the Amsterdam ship Essen that was sunk after the Battle of Stromboli on 8 January 1676: 148ft x 42ft. At KentishKnock.com, I have a page with the Dutch order of battle. If you move up one level, you can get to my OOBs for the other battles in 1676.

Several ships named "Amsterdam" from 1652-1653

Ron van Maanen has two entries for ships named Amsterdam from the Admiralty of Amsterdam. One is for a ship with dimensions 120ft x 29ft x 11ft, with a height between decks of 6-3/4ft. This could be the ship commanded by Barent Pietersz Dorrevelt that was lost in the storm in the Shetlands in 1652. The second entry uses the same dimensions with question marks after them. He shows dimensions for another ship that has a length of 130ft and a hold of 13ft. This seems to be the ship Amsterdam that was originally commanded by Sijmon van der Aeck and later by Paulus Egbertsz Sonck. That ship carried 10-12pdr, 8-8pdr, 8-6pdr, and 4-3pdr guns. The other armament for a ship named Amsterdam that is listed by Ron has 18-12pdr, 10-6pdr, and 2-4pdr guns. One occurance of that gun list is in 1651. Another in in November 1653. The 130ft ship's armament is listed with a date of 16 November 1652. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992
2. list of Admiralty of Amsterdam hired ships from 1652 from the Wrangell Collection, 1652

Hendrick Ernestus de Bertrij's ship, the Hollandia

I received photographs of documents from the Nationaal Archief today. One shows some information about kapitein Hendrick Ernestus de Bertrij's ship, a pinnace named Hollandia. The Hollandia had a crew of 80 sailors and 20 soldiers. The armament consisted of 24 guns: 4-8pdr, 10-6pdr, 8-4pdr, and 2-2pdr guns. The Hollandia served with Witte de With's squadron during the spring and summer of 1652. The ship was discarded later in October 1652, after being inspected by Lt-Admiraal Tromp.

"Claes Hen"

I had forgotten that "Claes Hen" refers to Claes Cornelisz Valehen, who distinguished himself in the Second and Third Anglo-Dutch Wars. He had started the First Anglo-Dutch War as commander of a fireship. In the entry in Witte de With's journal for 8 July 1653, he mentions Capt. Claes Hen, on a ship with 24 guns and a crew divided between 38 "coppen" and 52 "alsont"(?). The ship carried victuals for 13 weeks and water for 9 weeks. The ship was the Schel or Vergulde Schel, which had been commanded for the first part of the war by Teunis Vechterszoon.

The Rotterdam ship Delft built in 1655

Ron van Maanen has the dimensions of the frigate Delft built in 1655. This must be the ship that Vreugdenhil says sank in harbour in 1658. The dimensions that Ron gives are 117ft x 29-3/4ft x 12-1/6ft. He says that they are in Maas feet. If that is so, then the dimensions in Amsterdam feet would be 127-7in x 32ft-5in x 13ft-3in. That would be a much larger ship. I just consulted Carl Stapel's list "Staet van de monture van de schepen anno april 1655", and that agrees on the dimensions. If the 32 guns given by Vreugdenhil is correct, then that must be the light peacetime armament designed for extended operations that was typical in 1654, in the Staet van Oorlog te Water. The Delft of 1655 seems to have been one of a group of ships built to these dimensions. The others were the Prins Willem, Prins Maurits, Prins Hendrick, and Utrecht from 1654 and the Dordrecht, Delft, Rotterdam, and Briel from 1655. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992
2. Carl Stapel, unpublished manuscript "Staet van de monture van de schepen anno april 1655", 2006
3. A. Vreugdenhil, Ships of the United Netherlands 1648-1702, 1938

Analyzing documents

Over at Anglo-Dutch Wars, I have tried transcribing and annotating a list from a document that I received in 2003 from the Nationaal Archief in The Hague. I have found that you cannot analyze information in a vacuum. If you have only seen one document or item in a published source, you probably do not have enough background to interpret what is there. The problem with all published sources is that there are errors. On the later volumes of The First Dutch War, C. T. Atkinson lacked the exposure to the subject matter than Dr. Gardiner had, so he made more errors, especially in the early volumes, but in all, even Vol.VI. In several cases, we have benefitted from the mistakes, as he put material in the work that we would not have seen if he understood the material better. For example, there is an English list from 1649 that was put into Vol.III, because Mr. Atkinson could not date the material. If he had known more, he would have recognized that this was prior to the 1650's.

Ron van Maanen calls the Harder "Grote Herder"

I believe that the ship that Ron van Maanen calls the "Grote Herder" is the larger of the two ships named Harder that appears in lists dating from May 1665. J. C. De Jonge had reproduced a document published in 1665 that includes ships not actually with the fleet. The Harder was one of those, as I recall. Ron has the length and beam: 118ft x 29ft. He also lists the guns as 18-12pdr, 16-6pdr, and 4-3pdr. He says that the armament was listed at 38 guns and the crew as 140 men. My list, derived partly from Brandt's biography of De Ruyter, gives the captain as Floris Florisz Bloem, and the crew as 134 sailors, 17 marines, and 5 soldiers in 1665. I see that Floris Florisz Bloem commanded the Groote Harder through the period of 1665 to 1667. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2006
2. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

In a May 1653 list the Roskam is listed as a Rotterdam Directors' ship

In Witte de With's journal, on page 121 from May 1653, he listed what he said were four Rotterdam Directors' ships. He actually only has the captains' names, the guns, and the crew size. We can supply the ship names:

Adm   Ship            Guns Crew Commander
R-Dir Hollandia       26    95  kapitein Ruth Jacobsz Buys
R-Dir Roskam          24    95  kapitein Corstiaen Eldertsz
R-Dir Sint Pieter               Sijmon Cornelisz van der Meer
R-Dir Prins           38   168  Jacob Cleijdijck

The Roskam is usually considered to be a ship hired by the Admiralty of the Maze (or Rotterdam), rather than the Directors. From May to August 1653, the lists seem to have the ships assigned to different organizations than we have thought, based on other sources. We believe that the Sint Pieter carried 28 guns and had a crew of about 93 men.

A Friesland ship named Hollandia from 1665

Ron van Maanen lists a Friesland ship named Hollandia that was in service in 1665. This seems to be the ship commanded by Joost Michielsz Kuik in June and August 1665. This was a ship armed with 40 guns and with a crew of 186 men in June and 136 sailors, 33 marines, and 30 soldiers in August. Ron has the dimensions (in part): 129ft x 29ft x ?, with a height between decks of 6-1/2ft. That is the extent of what I know. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687
2. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

Carl Stapel says that Adriaen Kempen had commanded the ship Meermin

Carl Stapel had sent me his document about the Zeeland ship Meermin (Meerminne). Adriaen Kempen, who served during the First Anglo-Dutch War, had commanded the Meermin from 1641 until the peace in 1648. In 1648, many ships were inactivated, as the peacetime fleet was limited to 10 ships sent to Brazil and 40 convoyers. Only by 1651 were more ships activated, when there seemed to be an increasing threat of war with England. In 1651, funding was provided to fit out, provide crews, and provisions for 36 cruisers. Many of these were sent to the Mediterranean Sea, while others operated in the North Sea. More funds were voted in early 1652 to provide for another 150 ships. 100 were to be provided by the five admiralties and 50 by the Directors of the various seaports. We now find that many of the ships provided by the admiralties were warships, either recently completed or activated from the reserve. Everyone had assumed that all 100 ships were hired merchantmen.

A Zeeland ship named Meermin

Ron van Maanen continues the story about the Zeeland ship named Meermin that was 130ft long and which was mentioned between 1641 and 1655. Carl Stapel says that the Meerminne (the old spelling) was another name for Gillis Janszoon's ship, the Zeeridder. Carl says that the Meerminne is the feminine spelling, while Zeeridder is the masculine. Vreugdenhil, in his list, though, mentions the Meermin with the characteristics given my Ron van Maanen. I suspect, although I do not remember for sure, that Dr. Elias's book De Vlootbouw in Nederland, in a table in an appendix, lists the Meermin in 1655 with this length. Ron gives the armament as 34 guns and the size as 300 lasts. That is a bit small for a 300 last ship, but possible. 300 last ships were usually at least 132ft long, if not larger than that. On the other hand, in Dr. Simon Hart's papers, he shows a 200 last ship of 128ft x 25-1/2ft x 11ft. The formula is "lasts = length x beam x hold / K, where I can vary above or below 200. In this case, K=179.52. A 300 last ship with dimensions of 130ft x 32ft x 13.5ft would have K=187.2. Still, we have not seen any sign of the ship mentioned by Vreugdenhil and Ron van Maanen.

Andries Douwesz Pascaert

Given that Andries Douwesz Pascaert commanded the Harlingen Directors' ship Sint Vincent from the start of the war up through the Three Days Battle (the Battle of Portland), he may well have commanded the ship in the Battle of the Gabbard on 12 June to 13 June 1653. That is something of a stretch, as they lists in Witte de With's journal show Jacob Kleijdijck as captain in May 1653. The fact that Andries Douwesz Pascaert was convicted in a courtmartial shows that despite the lists, he was in the battle.

A mystery from June 1653

On 18 June 1653, a courtmartial was held for three officers: luitenant-commandeur Ulrich de Jager, Andries Douwesz Pascaert, and Cornelis Naeuoogh (or however his name was spelled). They were all convicted of disobediance or other misbehavior in the last battle. On 19 June, Jan Fredericksz Hoeckboot was tried and acquitted. One mystery is that the lists that I have from May and June 1653 do not list either Cornelis Naeuoogh, unless his middle name was Laurenszoon, or Andries Douweszoon Pascaert. The list of Amsterdam Directors' ships lists Cornelis Laurenszoon, commanding a ship with 42 guns and a crew of 155 men. This seems to have been the ship Sint Matheeus that was captured by the English at the Battle of the Gabbard. The ship that was captured had dimensions of 144ft x 36ft x 15ft x 7ft. The ship that Cornelis Naeoogh commanded up to the Three Days Battle had dimensions of 140ft x 34ft x 15ft x 7-1/3ft and carried 34 guns up to November 1652. I am open to the possibility that they were the same ship, with different dimensions reported. David de Wildt's list of ships that might be suitable for service as warships includes the larger Sint Matheeus as the second entry. There is no other Sint Matheeus listed. If that is the case, why was Cornelis Naeuoogh not an English prisoner after the battle? Usually, captains of captured Dutch ships were prisoners of the English.

Jeroen Adelaer's ship Middelburg (30 guns)

Jeroen Adelaer's ship Middelburg was taken by the English while returning from Nantes. The Middelburg, a ship of the Admiralty of Amserdam, was apparently one of the 40 convoyers, probably built as a warship. The 28 November 1652 list gives the armament as 26 guns. Ron van Maanen has the dimensions: 120ft x 28ft x 10-1/2ft, with a height between decks of 6-3/4ft. Ron gives the armament as 30 guns and the crew as 120 men. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992
2. lijst van schepen in dienst van de Staedt der Veenichde Vaderlanden, 28 November 1652

A good resource: a list of Dutch naval officers and seaman who died in the service of their country

I found an interesting resource for Dutch naval officers and seamen. I was looking in Google Book Search with "1652 zeewezen" as the search string. I found an article, in a volume from 1859, called "Beknopte Alphabetische Naamlijst van eenige Nederlandsche Zeehelden en Zeelieden die in 's lands dienst voor het vaderland zijn gesneuveld of gestorven", by J.P.C. van der Mark. This article is part of a book Berigten betrekkelijk Zeewezen, de Zeevaartkunde en de daarmede in varband staande wetenschappen, apparently edited by Jacob Swart, and published in Amsterdam in 1659. The entire book is downloadable as a PDF file.

How to find The First Dutch War and Granville Penn's book on Google Book Search

Google makes it harder than it should be to get to where you can view and download books. I suspect that is by design, given the law suit against them. Still, students of 17th Century naval history would like to have the PDF files, so I can give some guidance. You would need to first get to Google Book Search: http://books.google.com/. The rest just involves selecting a workable search string, but you do need to have the "Full view books" radio button selected. To find Vol.I of The First Dutch War, use the search string "Robert Blake 1652". The top result, at least today, is the right book. Click on that, and you then can both view the book and download the PDF file. To find Vol.II, I used the search string "Witte de With 1652". Vol.II showed up as the second to last item on the page. To find Vol.III, I used "Tromp November 1652". Vol.III appeared as the first item in the search results. I found Granville Penn's book with the search stgrin of "sir william penn 1652". The book, Memorials of the Professional Life and Times of Sir William Penn ...: From 1644 to 1670, was the first item in the search results.

Charnock's Biographia Navalis

You can now download the PDF file from Google Book Search for John Charnock's book Biographia Navalis. This is the full reference: Charnock, John Biographia Navalis; or Impartial Memoirs of the Lives and Characters of Officers of the Navy of Great Britain from the Year 1660 to the Present Time (6 Vols.). Google is constantly adding material to what can be downloaded, so you need to keep checking. I thought it too bad that they have not added John Thurloe's State Papers, yet. The copy they have seen is under copyright, but the original is from the early 1700's. The James Ford Bell Library, at the University of Minnesota has a very nice copy. I must admit that lower cost electronic version can be purchased from TannerRitchie Publishing. The original copy that is currently available for sale is priced out of reach of most people, above $5,000.

The Amsterdam frigate Beschutter

Ron van Maanen has the details of the Amsterdam frigate Beschutter, built at the naval shipyard in Amsterdam in 1692 by Hendrik Cardinaal. The Beschutter was broken up for parts in 1717. These is the information from Ron:

The frigate Beschutter

Dimensions:
best figures seem to be: 125ft x 32-1/2ft x 13ft
alternate figures: 115ft x 32ft x 13ft

34-38 Guns:
16-8pdr, 16-6pdr, and 6-3pdr guns

Crew: 150 to 195 men

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

An early 1700's Dutch ship Huis te Warmelo

I am not very familiar with Dutch warships in the period 1700 to 1740. In looking for the Huis te Neck, I saw the Noorderkwartier ship Huis te Warmel. Ron van Maanen has some of the details about the ship, which was built at Medemblick in 1708. The Huis te Warmel was wrecked in 1715. This is the information that I have:

The frigate Huis te Warmel
  built by Cornelis Willemsz Blaauwvlag
    at Medemblick in 1708, on contract

Dimensions: 125ft x 35-1/4ft x 15-1/4ft

40 to 44 guns

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

The Dutch fleet at the Battle of Nieuwpoort (the Gabbard)

I can quite easily give the outline of the numbers of Dutch ships that fought in the Battle of the Nieuwpoort (the Gabbard), although I would guess that there are a few mistakes in the list:

Ships of the Admiralty of Amsterdam:  25 ships
Ships of the Amsterdam Directors:  18 ships
Ships of the Amsterdam Chamber of the VOC: 3 ships
Ships of the Admiralty of Rotterdam: 9 ships
Ships of the Rotterdam Directors: 4 ships
Ships of the Rotterdam Chamber of the VOC: 1 warship 
                  one advijsjacht, and two fireships
Ships of the Edam Directors: 1 ship
Ships of the Admiralty fo the Noorderkwartier: 10 ships
Ships of the Monnikendam Directors: 2 ships
Ships of the Hoorn Chamber of the VOC: 1 ship
Ships of the Admiralty of Zeeland: 12 ships
Ships of the Admiralty of Friesland: 4 ships
Ships of the Harlingen Directors: 1 ship

A valiant attempt, but with errors

The Dutch Wikipedia page for the Two Days' Battle of Nieuwpoort, called the Battle of the Gabbard by the English, is a valiant attempt at a Dutch order of battle. Sadly, there are some significant errors. Some of the list is obviously derived from some of my previous writings, some of which were in error. For example, the Vergulde Meerman is actually derived from my misreading of the Vergulde Maen, also called the Vergulde Halve Maen. I have since corrected that, but the Wikipedia page still has the error. In fact, they have essentially listed the ship twice, with two different captains. The Vergulde Halve Maen was, in fact, a ship of the Edam Directors, despite some references that say Monnikendam Directors. Another error, that I don't know the source, is to say that Andries Douwesz Pascaert was in the battle, which he was not, and that he commanded the ship Groningen. That is incorrect. He had commanded the ship Sint Vincent, but at the Battle of Nieuwpoort, the Sint Vincent was commanded by Adriaen Heeres Kleijntje. Spellings of captains' names are difficult, as different sources give different spellings. I am not in a position to correct the list, as I lack the diffinitive references. I probably can come close to a correct list, mostly due to Witte de With's journal and his letters. Carl Stapel has a list, but I do not have the sources he used, yet. I would start with the outline list of ships at Vlissingen in early July 1653, and start filling in captains and ships into the outline.

Witte de With apparently was keeping useful journals for a long time

I realized that Witte de With was keeping a journal with ship names, guns, crew, and captains for longer than just 1652 to 1653. The basis for the list in the book, De Sleutels van de Sont was Witte de With's journal from 1645. This same list appeared, in a less useful form, in R. C. Anderson's book Naval Wars in the Baltic. He had commanded the fleet convoying a large number of merchant ships into the Sound, past the Danes, who normally collected tolls. If the Danish fleet had contested operation, they would have been defeated, in all likelihood, but the strong Dutch fleet. One of the ships of the New Directors of Amsterdam, the Abrahams Offerande, commanded by kapitein Reyndert Claesz., had listing of guns or crew. There was a footnote indicating that these were "not filled in, in the journal of De With". Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Naval Wars in the Baltic, 1910
2. G. W. Kernkamp, De Sleutels van de Sont, 1890

Dutch frigates built in 1653 and 1654

They were not included as part of the two 30-ship building programs, but the Dutch completed a number of frigates in 1653 and 1654, presumably to replace warlosses. The ships included:

Adm   Ship         Guns Crew Dimensions
A     Harder       28   140  114ft x 28ft x 11-1/4ft
A     Harderin     34   148  118ft x 29ft x 12ft
F     Klein Frisia 34   135  120ft x ?    x 11-1/4ft
R     Vrede        30   125  111ft x 27ft-3in x 12ft x 6ft-6in
Z     Zeeridder    28        116ft x 28ft x 11-1/2ft x 6-1/2ft

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992

Jan Jansz Lapper's ship Phesant

Jan Jansz Lapper, sometimes called Jan de Lapper, commanded the ship Phesant (or Fazant or Vogel Phesant). The Phesant had rather modest dimensions: 120ft x 29ft x 12ft, with a height between decks of 6-3/4ft. The Phesant was built in 1646 and was charted to Denmark from 1666 to 1667. We know the guns carried by the Phesant at various dates:

16 Nov   1652:  18-12pdr and 10-6pdr
1 April 1653:  18-12pdr and 14-6pdr
  April 1655:  18-12pdr, 12-6pdr, and 2-drakes
1  April 1665:  18-12pdr, 16-6pdr, and 4-3pdr

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992

Dutch warships on 29 April 1653

Witte de With's journal has the following information, dated 29 April 1653. I have annotated it with ship names:

Adm    Ship             Guns Crew Commander
Vl-Dir Haes             30   120  kapitein Bastiaen Centsen
Z      Westcappel       28    95  kapitein Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge
Z      Eendracht        18    90  kapitein Lambert Bartelszoon
Z      Haze             20    90  kapitein Jan van Hoesen
Mi-Dir Gecroonde Liefde 36   142  commandeur Michiel de Ruijter
                                  vlag-kapitein Marcus Hartman

Sources:

1. Witte de With, journals from 1652 to 1658, Archive E8812 from the Riksarkivet, Stockholm

Admiralty of Friesland ships in the 28 November 1652 list

The 28 November 1652 list says that there were two Friesland convoyers and two cruisers in the 1651 group. They are not listed explicitly, however. The rest of the ships are part of the 100 ships of 1652, hired by the admiralties. There is one mystery 36-gun ship that is unnamed, without the captain listed, either. There is just a dotted line and 36, for the number of guns. I suppose that might be one of the 36 ships. Perhaps the Westergoo (28 guns) and the Frisia (28 guns) are the two convoyers. Then the Breda (28 guns) and the unnamed 36 gun ship would be of the 36 ships. The rest would be funded as part of the 100 ships. Hendrick Jansz Camp's ship, the Wapen van Nassauw (36 ships), is apparently one of the 100 ships, and is different from the other 36 gun ship. Sources:

1. lijst van schepen in dienst van de Staet der Vereenigde Nederlanden, 28 November 1652

The 28 November 1652 list on the Zeeland contingent of the 36 ships

The 28 November 1652 list from the Collection Johan de Witt is really useful. Most of the questions about the 40 convoyers of 1648, the 36 ships of 1651, and the 100 ships of 1652 are answered there. They have the list of Zeeland ships that are part of the 36 ships:

Adm  Ship               Guns  Commander
Z    Hollandia          36    vice-admiraal Johan Evertsen
                              vlag-kapitein Adriaan Bankert
Z    Zeelandia          32    kapitein Andries Pietersz den Boer
Z    Zeelandia          32    kapitein Johan Naelhout
Z    Zeeridder          28    kapitein Gillis Jansz
Z    Neptunis           25    kapitein Jan Pauwelsz
Z    Vlissingen         32    kapitein Cornelis Mangelaer

The other ship previously listed was one of the 40 convoyers of 1648

Z    Wapen van Zeeland  34    kapitein Joost Willemsz Block
                        

Sources:

1. lijst van schepen in dienst van de Staet der Vereenigde Nederlanden, 28 November 1652

Some of the Zeeland ships in the First Anglo-Dutch Wars

After seeing a lot of the other sources for Zeeland ships in 1652 to 1654, the Staet van Oorlog te Water makes much more sense. The Staet helps to match ships against captains mentioned in other lists:

Adm  Ship              Guns Captain              Length
Z    Wapen van Zeeland 32   Joost Willemsz Block 118ft
Z    Zeelandia         32   Jan Naelhout         118ft
Z    Zeelandia         32   Adriaan den Boer     122ft

This was still difficult to match to ships, as there are three
complete sets of dimenisions, two of which are 116ft long, not 118ft:

Adm  Ship              Guns Dimensions
Z    Wapen van Zeeland 27   116ft x 29ft x 10-1/2ft
Z    Zeelandia         32   118ft x 28ft x 11-1/2ft
Z    Zeelandia         32   116ft x 28-1/2ft x 11-1/2ft

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992
2. Staet van Oorlog te Water for the year 1654, 1654
3. Carl Stapel, unpublished manuscript "Staet van de monture van de schepen anno april 1655", from Nationaal Archief, Staten Generaal, Lias Admiraliteiten 1.01.04 inventaris 5563 (April 1655)

The Hazewind is probably the jacht also called Windhond

I wasn't thinking clearly. Carl Stapel reminded me, after I had also realized that the Hazewind jacht was probably the jacht also called Windhond. I have seen several sets of dimensions for the Windhond. They all differ on the hold depth:

The jacht Windhond (or Hasewindt)

Dimensions (Amsterdam feet):
115ft x 23ft x 10-1/2ft
              10-1/3ft
           or 10-3/4ft
or even larger at 116ft x 24ft

18 guns:
March 1653: 4-8pdr, 12-4pdr, and 2-3pdr
April 1655: 4-8pdr, 12-4pdr, and two drakes (probably 3pdr)

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated, but circa 1992

Isaac Sweers in the Mediterranean Sea in June 1651

Isaac Sweers, later an admiral, was on board the ship Gelderlandt in June 1651. He was Cornelis van Velsen's lieutenant. The Gelderlandt was in Gidion deWildt's squadron. I received a copy of his journal from this period from Rick van Velden, back in early 2003. There were four ships and a jacht in the squadron:

Adm   Ship        Brass Guns  Iron Guns  Crew
A     Vrede       14          26         130
A     Morgenstar  12          16         100
A     Gelderlandt 10          16          90
A     Leeuwarden  14          20         115
A     Hasewindt    8          10          80

Sources:

1. Isaac Sweers, journal kept by Isaac Sweers, initially on the warship Gelderland, starting in June 1651 and continuing until 1653, Nationaal Archief, Admiralty Collection Sweers 1.01.47.16, Inv. No. 2

I am curious as to how all these fluits were employed

This document that I have, from the Admiralty of Rotterdam, dated 7 March 1652, has the list of warships in service, with dimension, guns, and captain listed, the fishery protection ships, not listed by name or captain, but with dimensions and number of guns, and then a long list of fluits, with captain, dimensions, and numbers of guns. One of the ships listed was the Blompot, the ammunition fluit commanded by schipper Coolbrandt. There are many others in the list, such as the Wassende Maen. All dimensions are in Maas feet, rather than Amsterdam feet. Many have the ship name listed, but they often do not. The Wassende Maen was large enough, and well-armed enough to be suitable as a warship, although the deck height was rather low:

The fluit ship Wassende Maen, of Claes Fuddinckburgh
Dimensions:
Maas feet:  112-1/2ft x 22-1/2ft x 9-1/2ft x 4-1/2ft
Amsterdam feet: 122ft-8in x 24ft-6in x 10ft-4in x 4ft-10in

26 guns

Sources:

1. lijst van oorlogh schepen der Admiraliteit te Rotterdam, 7 March 1652

Jan le Sage's ship, the Gulden Haan

Jan le Sage commanded a Middelburg Directors' ship from about March 1652 up to the Three Days Battle, when his ship was captured. His ship was named Gulden Haan (or Vergulde Haan). The Gulden Haan served in the English navy as the Golden Cock. Ron van Maanen has the detailed information about the ship:

The ship Gulden Haan, kapitein Jan le Sage

Length from stem to sternpost: 124ft
Beam:                           29ft
Hold:                            ?
Height between decks:            6-3/4ft

36 guns:
8-18pdr, 4-12pdr, 18-8pdr, 6-6pdr

Crew: 121 men

Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Warships 1600-1800", undated but circa 1992

Zeeland ships part of the "100 Ships" of 1652

The list of 28 November 1652 has a great deal of new information. One of the things in the list are the Zeeland ships hired, as part of the 100 ships of the Extraordinary Equipage in 1652:

Adm Ship               Guns Captain
Z   Dordrecht          17   kapitein Cornelis Cruiningen
Z   Liefde             26   kapitein Joost Banckert
Z   Vlissingen         26   discarded by November 1652
Z   Eendracht          18   kapitein Lambert Bartelszoon
Z   Haze               22   kapitein Johannes Michielszoon
Z   Lieffde            30   discarded
Z   Sint Jan           26   discarded
Z   Offerande Abrahams 24   wrecked
Z   Wapen van Sweden   24   discarded
Z   Dolphijn           24   discarded
Z   Lieffde            23   kapitein Dingeman Cats
Z   Haes in 't Velt    30   discarded
Z   Faam (Fama)        30   kapitein Cornelis Loncke
Z   Sint Joris         24   kapitein Jacob Wolfertszoon
Z   Goes               26   kapitein Cornelis Cuijper
Z   Eendracht          24   kapitein Andries Fortuijn

English captain: Simon Bailey

Simon Bailey served in the Commonwealth navy. He commanded the hired ship Lisbon Merchant from 1652 until 1653. He fought in the Battle of the Kentish Knock in October 1652. The Lisbon Merchant carried 34 guns in 1652 and 38 guns in 1653. He may have fought in the Battle of Dungeness, although there is some uncertainty about that. The Lisbon Merchant definitely took part in the battle. Simon Bailey also fought in the Battle of Portland (the Three Days Battle). He sailed from Portsmouth on 30 March 1653 (old style) with William Penn's squadron. The Lisbon Merchant seems to have carried 4o guns and had a crew of 160 men at that date. At the Battle of the Gabbard, he was assigned to Lionel Lane's division in the White Squadron. He probably took part in the Battle of Scheveningen, in August 1653. Sadly, we have very few substantive information about Simon Bailey. We only know about what amounts to his resume. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, "English Fleet-Lists in the First Dutch War," The Mariner's Mirror, Vol.XXIV No.4, October 1938
2. R. C. Anderson, List of English Naval Captains 1642-1660, 1964
3. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910

A summary of the Dutch navy on 9 June 1652

There is a summary of the Dutch navy dated 9 June 1652:

Of 186 ships

Rotterdam (21 ships)

5 convoyers
2 ships in the Mediterranean Sea
4 ships in the North Sea
2 ships in Brazil
8 ships of the 16-1/2 ships of the 100 ships

Amsterdam (47 ships)

18 convoyers
 7 ships in the Mediterranean Sea
 5 ships on the Spanish coast, near Cape St. Vincent
 2 ships in the North Sea
 4 ships in Brazil
11 of 33 ships of the 100 ships

Zeeland (24 ships)

9 convoyers
3 ships in the Mediterranean Sea
4 ships in the North Sea
1 ship in Brazil
7 of the 16-1/2 ships of the 100 ships

Noorderkwartier (22 ships)

7 convoyers
3 ships in the Mediterranean Sea
4 ships in the North Sea
1 ship in Brazil
7 of the 16-1/2 ships of the 100 ships

Friesland (11 ships)

2 convoyers
2 ships in the North Sea
2 ships in Brazil
5 ships of the 17-1/2 ships of the 100 ships

 41 convoyers funded at the peace in 1648

 36 cruisers funded in 1651:

  5 cruisers on the Spanish coast
 16 cruisers in the North Sea
 15 ships in the Mediterranean Sea

 10 ships in Brazil
 38 ships of the 100 ships in the Extraordinary Equipage
 50 ships of the Directors
  6 ships of the VOC (East India Company)

Noorderkwartier ships with Tromp's fleet in December 1652

We have multiple lists of captains in Tromp's fleet, dating from late November to early December 1652. Some of the latest I have seen are quite interesting. I wondered if we might be able to figure out some mysteries by comparing lists:

Noorderkwartier captains

                          Johan Evertsen's  List dated       Ship
                                 journal    6 December 1652

Schout-bij-nacht Pieter Florissen     X        X             Monnikendam
kapitein Cornelis Pietersz Taenman    X        X             Prins Maurits
kapitein Arent Dirckszoon             X        X             Wapen van Monnikendam
kapitein Thijs Tijmensz Peereboom     X        X             Peereboom
commandeur Johannes Bourgoigne        X        X             Tobias
kapitein Jan Heck                     X        X             Eenhoorn
kapitein Volckert Schram                       X
kapitein Teunis Vechterszoon          X        X             Vergulde Schel
kaptein Gabriel Theuniszoon           X        X             Kasteel van Medemblick
kapitein Herman Munnekes              X        X

The most obvious missing ship names are the Stad Medemblick (kapitein Pieter Schellinger), the Hoorn (kapitein Pieter Aldertszoon), and the Wapen van Enkhuizen (kapitein Gerrit Femssen). I don't think that we have any way, for now, to figure out which ships were those commanded by Volckert Schram and Herman Munnekes.

Rotterdam ships from about March 1652

One document that I have, possibly dated 8 March 1652 (I am having trouble reading the inscription completely), is from about the same time as the 7 March 1652 list. The document has the following information, which I have augmented:

a fishery ship
Dimensions:
Maas feet:  106ft x 25ft x 9ft-9in, deck height=6ft
Amsterdam feet:  115ft-7in x 27ft-3in x 10ft-7in, deck height=6ft-6in
with 30 or 34 guns

a fishery ship
Dimensions:
Maas feet:  100ft x 24ft x 9ft, deck height=6ft
Amsterdam feet:  109ft-1in x 26ft-2in x 9ft-9in, deck height=6ft-6in
with 28 guns

the ship of Jan Hels
Dimensions:
Maas feet: 103ft-8in x 22-1/2ft x 10ft-10in, deck height=5ft-5in
Amsterdam feet: 113ft-1in x 24ft-6in x 11ft-9in, deck height=5ft-10in
with 28 guns

the pinnace of Jan Aerensz
Dimensions:
Maas feet: 92ft x 22ft x 10ft-7in, deck height=5ft-2in
Amsterdam feet: 100ft-4in x 24ft x 11ft-6in, deck height=5ft-7in
with 24 guns

the frigate Overijssel
Dimensions:
Maas feet: 100ft x 23ft x 8ft, deck height=5-1/2ft
Amsterdam feet: 109ft-1in x 25ft-1in x 8ft-8in, deck height=6ft
with 20 or 22 guns

the frigate Utrecht
Dimensions:
Maas feet: 100ft x 23ft x 8ft, deck height=5-1/2ft
Amsterdam feet: 109ft-1in x 25ft-1in x 8ft-8in, deck height=6ft
with 22 guns

The Gulden Beer

I wonder if the Vergulden Beer, in David de Wildt's list, is the same ship commanded by Jan de Haes (the Gulden Beer) from 1652 until about April 1653. The dimensions given are 120ft x 25-1/2ft x 11-1/2ft, with a height between decks of 6ft. The Gulden Beer, in service with the Admiralty of Rotterdam (or the Maze) had an armament of 6-8pdr, 8-6pdr, 4-4pdr, and 6-3pdr guns. Her crew varied between 80 and 100 men. Sources:

1. Ron van Maanen, unpublished manuscript "Oorlogsschepen" van de admiraliteit van de Maze in de zeventiende en achttiende eeuw, undated
2. David de Wildt, Notitie van de schepen die tegen wordich in lant sijn, 22 February 1652

Jacob Verhelle and the Hasewint (Hazewind)

The Zeeland ship Hasewint or Hazewindt (28 guns) was apparently built about 1642. The Hasewint (the modern spelling is Hazewind) was a convoyer, and was one of the 40 convoyers funded when the navy was reduced in 1648, after the peace treaty with Spain. According to what I have from Carl Stapel, Jacob Verhelle commanded the Hasewint right up until 1652. The Hasewint was one of the ten ships sent to Brazil, after Witte de With had returned from there. The ships all returned in June 1652, but many of them were sunk or taken by the English. The Hasewint was taken to Dover on 28 June 1652. The Hasewint carried 28 guns and had a crew of 85 sailors and 20 soldiers. Sources:

1. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.II, 1923
2. Nationaal Archief Collectie Johan de Witt 3.01.17 collectie 2775h ( oktober 1652 )
3. Lijst van schepen in dienst van de Staedt der Veenichde Nederlanden, 28 November 1652

English Naval Officer: Andrew Cotton

Andrew Cotton served in the English navy, starting with the latter 17th Century. On 20 July 1677, the King appointed him to command the Experiment sloop. A few months later, on 16 January 1678 (they called it 1677, in the old style), the King appointed him to command the Hound sloop. A year later, on 15 February 1678, the Commissioners appointed him to command the double-hulled Chatham. A year and a half later, the Commissioners appointed him to command the 6th Rate Fanfann. On 20 October 1681, the Commissioners appointed him to command the Monmouth yacht. On 20 February 1683 (they called it 1682, in the old style), the Commissioners appointed him to command the Navy yacht. Finally, on 24 March 1685 (again, in the old style, they called the year 1684), the King reappointed him to command the Navy yacht. He fought in the Battle of Barfleur, in 1692, where he commanded the 3rd Rate Northumberland (70 guns) in the Blue Squadron. Sources:

1. William Laird Clowes, The Royal Navy: A History from the Earliest Times to the Present, Vol.II, 1898
2. J.R. Tanner, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Vol.I, 1903

The Wapen van Ceulen (Arms of Cologne)

We apparently now know the dimensions of the ship the Wapen van Ceulen. David de Wildt's list has a ship of that name, with dimensions: 126ft x 26ft x 12ft with a height between decks of 6ft. I first saw this ship mentioned in Witte de With's journal (E8812) on page 203. The Wapen van Ceulen was hired by the Admiralty of Zeeland. Her captain was Frans Mangelaer. The Wapen van Ceulen apparently carried 30 guns and had a crew of 120 men in September 1653. The Wapen van Ceulen was part of Witte de With's fleet on the voyage to Norway from September to November 1653. Sources:

1. David de Wildt, list of ships that might be suitable to be hired, dated 22 February 1652
2. Witte de With, journals from 1652 to 1658, Archive E8812 from the Riksarkivet, Stockholm

I used to think that there were few Dutch lists with ship names from 1652

I had long studied published sources about the First Anglo-Dutch War. I have been particularly interested and focused on the Dutch in that war. The published sources for 1652 just have lists of captains, with no ship names, except for Michiel De Ruyter's fleet in July-August 1652. One of the documents that I received last week is dated 11 May 1652. That list has captains' names and ship names. This list has just Zeeland captains and ships. The list is divided between "old" and "new" captains. The "old" captains commanded ships built as regular warships. The "new" captains commanded ships hired in 1652:

"Old" captains:

Ship                  Guns Captain
Zeeuwschen Leeuw      27   Cornelis Evertsen de Oude
Amsterdam             32   Adriaen Kempen
Wapen van Zeeland     34   Joost Willemsz Block
Hasewint              28   Jacob Verhelle
Westcappel            28   Adriaen Banckert
Zeeuwschen Jager      14   Adriaen Jansz den Gloeyenden Oven
Middelburg            26   Claes Jansz Sanger
Sandenburg            24   Pieter Gorcum
Orangie, binnenjacht       Frans Mangelaer
Maecht, binnenjacht        Jan Jansz van de Putte
Zeeuwschen Post,           Oovrert (?) de Moor
  binnenjacht

The ship Jupiter

The ship Jupiter was hired by the Admiralty of Amsterdam for service in the Mediterranean Sea. Carl Stapel found that the Jupiter was hired at Venice in 1652. Cornelis Janszoon served as the Jupiter's captain. From the document found in the notary archives by Dr. Hart, we have all the critical details about the ship:

The ship Jupiter, kapitein Cornelis Janszoon (or Janssen)

Length from stem to sternpost:  130ft
Beam:                            30ft
Hold:                            14ft
Height between decks:             7ft

28 guns:
4-12pdr, 10-8pdr, 12-6pdr, 2-4pdr

Crew:
100 men

Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2006
2. Dr. Simon Hart, papers from the Amsterdam notarial archives, Gemeentearchief Amsterdam: Arch. nr. 883, Inv. nr. 471
3. Carl Stapel, unpublished manuscript "12 gehuurde schepen voor Mid Zee 24 Juli 1652", 2006